Kars

Collier's New Encyclopedia (1921)

a fortress Dec. 22, 1871, and soon took rank as one tress of Armenia, about 110 miles N. E. of Erzeof Russian rum. It of the most distinguished and is on a tableland of experienced diplomatists there. In February, and of of 6,000 feet in elevation. Pop. about upward 35,000, 1879, he was sent to England as ambassador. .Pop. mostly Armenians, who carry on an active transit He was one of the memwho co trade. In 1828 Kars bers of the Berlin Congress. He died in 1889. In 1828 was taken from the Turks by the Russians under ke by th Paskevitch. It was bril- KÁROLYI, COUNT MICHAEL, It was liantly defended by the Turks under General Williams Turks Hungarian statesman; born of a noble wealthy family, was a for six months in 1855. At the beginning of the war of 1877- 1878 Kars was invested ix months educated for a life of leisure, but at a comparatively early by the Russians; but relieved in July by Mukhtar Pasha; d by the Rus age became interested in politics. Grad- Mukhtar ually, as a member of Parliament, he became known as the besieged autumn carried by storm Nov. 18, 1877, by Genagain in the autumn, it was eral Lazareff. Kars, Don Quixote of Hungarian politics. Beginning 18, 1877, by long a bulwark of the long a bulwa conservative, he turned toward liberalism, and before as a Ottoman empire in Asia, was one in Asia, wa the European War was of the Armenian fortresses, the cession of which resses, the c waging a campaign for the separation of the Kingdom from the agreed to by the was agreed to l Berlin Congress in 1878. to Russia was Austrian Empire. When the 1878. war broke out in 1914, he was in the United States, organizing the sentiment of KARSHI (ancient cient Nakhsheb), a of Bokhara, central Asia. Commercially Nakhsheb), a town it is of great importance the Hungarians in this country in ral Asia. Commer in the transit trade between favor of his propaganda. On his return he was mportance in the t Bokhara, Kabul, and India. Its knives interned for a while in France Bokhara, Kabul, and firearms are exported to , but his well-known anti- German Arearms ar all parts of central Asia, Persia, Arabia sentiments caused his release. He was of central and Turkey. Pop. about 25,000, mostly strongly opposed to the war. On Oct. 31 key. Pop. Usbegs, with a mixture of Tajiks, , 1918, after the collapse of the Austrian Indians, Afghans, and Jews. Empire, the liberal and radical elements and Jowe of Hungary raised Karolyi to the