Kizil-Kum
Collier's New Encyclopedia (1921)
a sandy lower courses of the Amu-Daria and Syr- Daria. They stretch S. E. from the Sea of Aral, and rise from an elevation of 150 feet at the sea to 2,000 toward Bokhara. N. E. of the Caspian stretches the Kara-Kum "black sands" desert, a former bed of the sea. KLAMATH (klä'mat) LAKE, a body of water in Oregon, at the E. base of the Cascade Range; overlaps the S. boundary of the State into California. The lake is about 44 miles long, by 6 to 14 miles wide . It consists of two considerable bodies of water, connected by a narrow strait less than 2 miles wide. Klamath river is the outlet, and issues from the S. end, or Lower Klamath Lake. KLAUSENBURG (Hungarian Kolozvár), one of the chief cities in Transylvania; 95 miles E. by S. from Grosswarmerly fortified, and of five suburbs. dein. It consists of the inner town, for- Here are a university, and a Unitarian College, and numerous other educational establishments. The town possesses the national museum, with antiquities, scientific collections, and a library. Klausenburg was captured by the Hungarians under Bem on Christmas day, 1848. Machines, oil , and spirits are manufactured. Pop. about 60,000. or SAINT CHRISTOof the Leeward group, aging to Great Britain; square miles, surface, ntainous ridge extendenter from N. to S., and extinct volcano), 3,711 feet. The and produces all Basseterre. in 1493. Pop. seaport of China, on the S. bank of the It derives importance on with the green-tea ort was opened to for- 32. Pop. about 50,000 of the three principal separated from Korea Korea, and from Hondo Sikoku. Nagasaki is the Turkish "Red own to the ancients as incipal river of Asia the E. of the penincuitous route for Sands"), a saniy tan, between the Amu-Daria and S. E. from the from an elevation to 2,000 toward the Caspian stretches black sands" desert, a I'mat) LAKE, a body at the E. base of the rlaps the S. boundary California, The lake by 6 to 14 miles nested in a narrow wide. Klamath nd issues from the B. (Hungarian Kolorcities in Transy- S. from Grosswalinner town, for suburbi. Unitarian educational wn possenses the ith antiquitien, scien Hbrary. Klausenby the Hungariam tas day, 1848. Ma are manufactured
What Has Changed in the Last Century
Collier's in 1921 described the Kizil-Kum as sandy waste sloping down to the Sea of Aral, whose shore then stood about 150 feet above sea level. That sea is largely gone: irrigation canals drawing off the Amu-Darya and Syr-Darya from the 1960s onward shrank it by roughly nine-tenths, and its exposed salt bed is now mapped as a new desert, the Aralkum, extending the sands Collier's described. The desert itself, spelled Kyzylkum today and divided since 1991 among Uzbekistan, Kazakhstan and Turkmenistan, also holds the Muruntau mine, opened in the 1960s and among the largest open-pit gold operations in the world.
Written for this edition, 2026.