Kosciusko
Kosciusko names 2 different subjects across the 6 encyclopedias on this shelf. Each is set out below.
Kosciusko or KOSCIUSZKO
Collier's New Encyclopedia (1921)
or KOSCIUSZKO, TA- DEUSZ, a Polish patriot; born in Lithuania, Feb. 12, 1746. He chose the career of arms, and was trained in France. In 1777 an unhappy love affair drove him to the United States, where he fought for the colonists and advanced to the rank of Brigadier General. He returned to Poland in 1786. When Russia attacked his country in 1792, Kosciusko held a position at Dubienka for five days with only 4,000 men against 18,000 Russians. King Stanislaus submitted to the Empress Catharine, whereupon Kosciusko resigned and retired to Leipsic. After the second partition of Poland he led the national movement in Cracow ander-in-chief (1794). His defeat of was app appointed dictator and coma greatly superior force of Russians Raclawice was followed by a rising of the Poles in Warsaw. He established a provisional government and took the field against the Prussians, but, defeated, fell back upon Warsaw. He was overpowered by superior numbers in the battle of Maciejowice, Oct. 10, 1794; and, covered with wounds, fell into the hands of his enemies. Two years later the Emperor Paul restored him to liberty. He spent the remainder of his life chiefly in France. When Napoleon, in 1806, estoration of Po and fila aid. In 1814 Alexander to the Poles in foreigu formed a plan for the restoration of Poske himself constitu land, Kosciusko refused his aid. In 1814 he besought the Emperor Alexander to grant an amnesty to the Poles in foreign countries, and to make himself constitu- He died in the fall of TADEUSZ KOSCIUSKO tional King of Poland. He died in Switzerland Oct. 15, 1817, by the fall of Australia, in his horse over a precipice. in New South Wales, Victoria: 7,308 feet
Kosciusko MOUNT, one of the highest mountain peaks in Australia
Collier's New Encyclopedia (1921)
MOUNT, one of the highest mountain peaks in Australia, in the Muniong Alps, in New South Wales, according to the near the frontier of Victoria; 7,308 feet Thus "Kosher meat" high. epared by Jews atand so fit to be
What Has Changed in the Last Century
Both entries still stand in outline, but the details have been tidied. Collier's called Mount Kosciusko "one of the highest mountain peaks in Australia" at 7,308 feet in the "Muniong Alps"; it is now recognised as the highest point on the Australian mainland at 2,228 metres (about 7,310 feet), sits in the Snowy Mountains' Main Range within Kosciuszko National Park, and in 1997 New South Wales officially restored the Polish spelling, Mount Kosciuszko. The patriot's name is likewise now generally written Kosciuszko in English, and his 1817 death at Solothurn in Switzerland is attributed to illness rather than to the fall from his horse over a precipice that Collier's reports. The Poland he fought for was re-established as a republic in 1918, three years before this entry appeared, and his remains lie in Wawel Cathedral at Kraków, beneath the earthen mound raised in his memory in the 1820s.
Written for this edition, 2026.