Manitoba
2 of the 7 encyclopedias on this shelf carry an entry for Manitoba. Both are reproduced below, so you can see where they agree and where they differ.
Collier's New Encyclopedia (1921)
a Province of the Dominion of Canada; bounded on the N. W. and N. by the Northwest Territories, on the E. by the Province of Ontario, and on the S. by the United States; area, 251,832 square miles, with an approximate land area of 147,152,880 acres, of which about 13,000,000 acres are occupied; pop. (1916) 553,860; capital, Winnipeg. Topography. The greater part of the province consists of prairie land, in a series of levels known as "steppes" or "benches" and dotted with growths of Red Deer L. Dawson Barrows R Bay Westgate Deer Red Powell Pelican ✓ GRAND I. Bay Baden 1. R. Etoimami R. Shoal R. AN A IND/RES. Mafeking Fox Po K Pickerel N.MANITOU 1. Pelican "Swan ليا Lake N Luke ய HILI Z BIRCH Bitch Rive Dog P Woody River Kettle Pelican L. Hills MA Inland L. Bowsman Assiniboine S W swan Al Walle Pt. B R Duck Bay Swan Minitopus Pt. Swan River Fishers Brabant Waterhen Harington Mokenville Red Deer Lake Minitonas S.MANITOU 52 Cowa Thunderl Lidstone IND. Pine C/Paintin Selater S. Duck Sagemace Benito D.RES. Bay NORTHERN Pretoria Cro INDR IND. RES. Buchanan Pine River D Alpine Pineimuta L. KIND. RES. OBANADIAN S Gypsumville NG 1 R TSP. Lake TWIN IS. Madge SNAKE ERMIN 2 IND RES Garland Winnipegosis Whitesand Mikado Good Spirit CHARLIE Portage Mossy R Gruber COUNTAN Lake Bay Shell Steep Rock Ethelber Pork River Kamsack 1. GARDEN D Crane B A H Fork Assiniboine R. IND. RES ADIAN Oakbrae Duck Mountain Springside Fishing coman Point Makaroff Sifton Jc Deepdale Sifton NADIAN Driftin Lake Strevel Omatila Oaknoo Valley River Ventaw • CHERRY I TRUNK Yorkton Asham Pt. Million Shortdale Melton Roblin Dauphin NORT Halstead R. Tumbell Shevlin Meharry East Bay 11 Vallo Gilbert Plains Je Ashville Grandview Dauphin ト Shell Castleaver Gilbert Plains Paulson Mountain PAGIDIC GRAND Gap Tamarisk Wilford Spruce Cr. Turtle River 51 Ebband Ochre River Ste. Rose IND. RES Ochre R 0 Glenlyon dn Lac Bredenburg Melville Flow Lake Asessippi PACO Makinak St. Amelie Shellmouth Turtle GRAND G MOUNT NE Laurier Silver Creek Cutarm Russell Snake Creek Kaposar Atwater Killaly Marchwell OUNK Harrow Millwood Ranchvale MeCreaty ShonL Dubue Esterhazy C Mary L. Seeburn Rossburn CA Lidford NO. RESCOSS Crooked L. Cr. Bellhampton Olha Norgate Johustion Clear L. Glencairn Qu' Appelle Long L Vista Binscarth Kelwood • Glenforsa Welby Sandy bak Glencliff Waldersee Lone Tree Tree o D. RES Makburn Danvers Tantallon R. Foxwarren Nickson Roskeen Riding Mt Glenella Erickso Menzie Grass River R Crewe Scherinth Kellbe Shoot 1. R. I. R. IND. RES Scandinavia Purple Tenby Sandy Victor Lazare Bintle Shoal L. Allan O Hilltop Lake Ridge Broadview. F. Ellice Wattsview Warleigh Strathclair Newdale Rocanville Clan William am Birnie Tupper Eden Plumaso Wild Murchison Huns Valley Beaver Rapids Treat Raven L. Whitewood Bethanyo orr Marshland Des. Isabella Orrwold marney Basswood IND.RES. Sprimichurden nghill Wapella Howden Arden Ogilvie McAuleyo co Lavinia Minnedosa ville Haanel Ross Haanel Rossbury Je. Keyes Beulah Arrowton Viola Dale Riverdale Lugas ☑☑☑ Pipestone Des Clare PAC. chew Franklin Rea Hamiota Totonka Moline Crandell Oak River Neepawa Mekiwin Gladsto Moosomin Glendale GAN Glendale Hallboro GoldenStr modside Rapid City Kipling Miniotia Gautier Cordova Carberry Jc.p River Quadraorope Oakner Nettapiece Varcoe Moorepark Cr. Hummerston Berton Mayfeld Burbank Arrow Langbank Logoch P Two Creeks CAN- Nawota 50 Harding Wheatland Norman Myra Bradwardin ans Pine Cr. Kirkella Neepa Katrime Rivers Knox Creefordo Brookdale Wellwood Edrang Kinsmore Pendennis Penrith Levine Justice NOR Angelom Harte Gregs Ferdale stin Elkhorn Forrest Madfor م Kenton Woodlea Petrel Ayer foot Reaper S Ford Montroseo Carnegie Elton o Hargraveo Lenore Mayne Asylum Douglaso tooton Fairview Fanser McGregor Brier wood P Hillview Poden Mayne Ivan Ebon Fairlight bon Virden Dalyo 40 AR Maskavande emnayo Rosehill Griswold Merle Roseland Martinville Tr Melbourne RY Tapley Chater Sewell Tapley Maples Butler podno pest podnorth Routledge Lee Oak Lake Ashbury IND RES Leon Shilo Gatesid Brandon Onah NOO Brandon Je Pleasant Ebore o Beresford edils Arizona Pratt Arizona 。 • Searth ✓✓ Brandon N Cromer Maono o Terence Valles Manda (Belleview Plum McKelvie Arcola ar Ralston Assi RM Elm 9 • Agnew Oak L. Mooseniboine Olive 6 Sourio Hayfield Rounthwaite Bardalo Bardal Skalholt Sesbanko mountain CAN Manor Hebron Methven Dempsey Sunclai Banting Stockton wress Carroll° -Holland BACO P Deleauo Souris Monteith Cup Landse pestone o Frys Beverly Nesbitt s Cr. Reston Hottsawan downo Findlay El Glenboro Cypress River DAN Crescent Grand Chalgiere Lightning North Bunclody Mafavilla Oak Bruxelles Hartney Heaslip Hilton Cr.Brus Grange Grund Elgin Eagleton Langvale Shilson Argue fr Fairfax Hartney Je St! Alphonse Swan Minto Ninette Belmont Underhill • Baker Lauder Sheppardville Margareto Bro Tilston Hombill Napinkau Antler Marieapolis Indian Dunrea Baldur Marieapolis of Relloo len Alcester Fairhall Lake Greenway Alameda. S Cr. @ELORATULA South R Hyder IGlendinningS Dry River Wapa Melita Glenora, Marringhurst Wood Elva Boissevain SOWRIS Medora Whitewater Hirsch Cr Ninga Louise Rock L Bay Deloraine Whitewater Rhodeso Killarney Neelin Pilot Sourisford Coulte Waskada UR LEdelpha Pierson Princesso Antler er Montefiore Turtle of Fairburn Short Cartwright Crystal Cy Cameron Mountain Wassewa Desford Hohnfield Carty Cr. Dalny yleton. Clearwater Leute Enterprise Mather" Goodland 49 Wakopr Cr.Copleyo Coultervale Snowflake Bangerman U N I T Lake D des Roches D Longitude 99 101 100 102 Copyright, L. L. Poates Eng. Co., 1921 MANITOBA GEORGE 1, Thunder Lake L Poplar R Leaf R. Railways thus: Dancing Pt. Provineler Etectoral Yout Proshown tha Lake REINDEER Berens River Etomami E ISLAND H. B.Co. R. BERENS TASSINIBOIA IND. RES. IND. RES. MO CREARY 1, Lit. Grand Rapid o 2 BONIFACE Pigeon Pt. Warpath ST. MARTINS Berens Moose TWIN IS. Lake IS. Fisker L. COMMISSIONERS/ River Sandy L. Sturgeon Cat Head Clark Pt. Berens Fishing STURGEON Lake 52 Catfish Pigeon IS. W H-B.CO Rocky Island Dauphin IND. RES. R. R Bay Lake River River IND. JACKALAD PEGG IS. Rabbit Pt. RES LIT.TARMARACI Gypsum L. Pekangikum TAMARAC 1. Lake BLACK BEAR Jad Mantagao R. MATHESON IND. RES. NARROW PINE 1. 1. R. Whiteway Pt. Lake White River le IND RES Bloodvein St. George Lake LIT.MOJS Long L DUNSEKIKAN I. Sasaginnigak Bull Hd. MOOSE St Martin Lake airford Ho Fisher Z H.B.Co. River Bay IND. RES. Washow D' Anderso BERRY Pt. Grindstone Pt. G Fisher River Steep Rock 1. R. North Fisher River Pt. Rice Birch L. ME R English PUNK 1. Brook The Bluff DEER BLACK REED 1. Moose Horn Bay W Wanipigon Little 0 Clements Pt Grassy Pt. Richard Red L. Birch L NORTHERN Narrows Heela RR A Manigotagan Slave L 51 K HECL Observation The Dog K Vidir S L Pt. Turtle L. OWS Manigotagan Icelandic R Icel Sandy Caribou L River Birch L. Indic R. Manigotagan Long L Lit. Dig L Hnausa Framnes Black Ardal Geyser Lake Snoushoe Hamrlik Lake IND. RES. R. Swar Deerhorn 4 Scotch Swan Arnes • Vannes STONE Bay Long-legged Cold Sprs. Chatfield I Traverse Bay Lily Bay Lake A Nes Long Rabbi Minnewakan Stony Hill Oiseau Pt Lake Lundar Otto Neveto Ft. Alexander... IND. RES LL Point Gimli Markland Mary Hill Seamo Foley Husavick Marais HBCO Pt. Grand Sandridge Dennis P Clarkleigho St. George Vestfold St. Adelard IND. RES. Radwayo Hove Oiseau Balsam Bay Inwood Winnipeg Marshy Pt. Buy Komarno Beach Oak Point Ideal Loch Pleasant Home Whytewold Hollywood Shoal Mouhr English Scanterbury River Erinview We Woodfield St. Laurent Lac du Ouk Thalberg Bonnet Harpervilleo Teulon Separation IND. RES. St. Louis Lake Lake Frances L Gunton Dunara Lac du Poplar Park Addingham Siegner River Woodroyd Bonnet Greenwood Kipiegun St. Ambroise Libau L P IND. RES. Woonona Lakeland Balmoralo Clandeboye Brokenhead Winnipeg St. Marks Woodlands Strathewen Lount Lake Lady wood Crow Duck At Oswald Argyle Wavy avy. Totogang Dynevor Crom adywood Onwdor Delta Bonnie Doono 1 Milner Delaney L. Wi Bank Selkirk ang burulton Flee Island Meadow Le L. Lea well Warren igeon Bluff Aslington Pigeon Long burful Selkirk Whiteshell Westbourne wo Buchan Oako Stone wall Hannidek Lower Garson 。 Reaburn L. Enipeg Aver Mae Ekland Ft. Garry Tyndall Oakland Poplar Purn St. Ouens Marquette Stony 50 St. Stony Mto Andisti RAILWAY ErownlineThacker WhitemowEIC Melrose Saldo Be Sinnot M Molson Youil donald Genestriphala Gross Isle Harkview Gonor Beausejou Julius Beloom Meadowso Alder reo Barro Walldon High B Pine Ridge Pine Ridge Rosser diat Whitemouth Rignold Lilyfield Bird D High Blu Mill Ch. Pigeon Gordon Shelley Hill Cooko su Norquay Curtis WinElie Darwin Cross L Gervais portion Danld Sliko Cr Bergen M M Burnsidel PSC Mid. Ch. Oakbankazelridge Alver River Bagot R Beaudry V. St. Dagero St. Francois akville Ra L. Woods Policen Dugacabat Murray WINNIPEG Dundee Xavier Eustace to White Hedingi الله L. St. Boniface Millbrook Queens Valley Edwin Janow Rennie Rosendal ideyasenda Telford Po Navin L Richland of Ingleside cotan Layland Plyn age Je. Meadowvale RAILWAY Whytero Grand Pt. Lorette Doytooth De Plains Springst ynpton Shiperl Monominto Shiperlay R.Oak Bluff Ft.o Lavenham Dufresna RicheR ANDE L ffFt.o Sydenham Birch Culross Blythfield St. Norber Fannystelle Starbuck aled No Falcon L. Saltel Elm Grove Rosewood Loretto Se NA Alndian Diagn Seine o Stc. A。 Oh Norbert SF PAS Claude Magnus Bathwell. WEST. PENIN Ile des Cartier Willard Greenland St. Raymond LaSalle St. Adolphe Elm Creek Anne des Chenes Sanford Crenes IND. RES, Haywood Garnsley Brunkild Shanawano Glenlea Trcherne St: Daniel ar Giroux Notre Dame masippi, Bradbury Clear Ste-Agathe Shal A Niverville Springso Morr Osborne Chortitz de Lourdes ofHyde Park Gray Carman Lake La Broquerie Gray Carman Bates Kleefeld o Union Pe 0 Whitefish Beacond linger Plains Aubigny Homewood Sperling o Carey Hochstadt Beacond Cardinal GRANDE hal Marchand Roseisle Lintrat Graham Bay LC LHENR FALCON PRESQU'ILE Lake Somerset Leary Rosemorto Mo Tavish ER N St Pierre V Sarto Dearwood P R Altamont Miami Pomeroyo Roland Bedford o Lowe Dúfrost La Rochelle Red LAKE OF: Rosebankordan jordan Myrtle Sandilands Morris Kingsley St. Elizabeth St Malo- Woodridge LaRivlere Binney Opawaka Aronsgart De Wet WANG Rudyar Thor Meden plum Coulee Rosenfeld Carlowrie Spurgrave o S Whitemouth R St.Jean Baptiste Arnaudo Rat Badger T-S Lake Mound eida Sford G. WinklerALA NRst. Josepho R Roseau Rosa MonManitou Darll N BIG I. Evita Caliento Green Ridge Buffalo Letellier Vassar Purves • Woodmore Menising Piney O RO BIGSBY 1. 3 Bay Dominion South Je. Glencross Bergman Stuartburn Sundown 이 GravelIND. RES. Makenzie Shadeland City Ridgeville Sprague 49 Altona North Star Pine Valley arden Arbakka Christies Op Fredensthal Reinland Halbstadt Brown Gretna Wakeham Muskeg Windygates Pembina Bay S Em lon Jo Emerson Haskett E A T R Rush L. 98 Greenwich 95 West from 96 97 'deciduous trees, and about 30 miles E. of Winnipeg begins a swampy district, in which are occasional elevations of ground covered with cedar, spruce, white pine, aspen, cottonwood, balsam-willow, and tamarack. There are a few mountains of low elevation. Lakes, which are numerous, include Lake Winnipeg, Lake Winnipegosis, Lake Dauphin, and Lake Manitoba. The chief rivers are the Winnipeg, Assiniboine, and Red. Although the climate in winter is cold, the mercury sometimes falling to 50° below zero, it is healthful. Soil. The soil, containing a higher percentage of phosphate and nitrogen than any other known virgin soil, is generally a rich black mold, resting partly on a limestone formation and partly on a thick strata of hard clay, but now and then there are found unproductive sandy hills and alkaline patches. There is a luxurious growth of all kinds of vegetables and roots known to temperate climates. Agriculture. Wheat, oats, barley, Indian corn, hops, flax, hemp, and all kinds of garden vegetables yield excellent crops. For wheat growing Manitoba presents peculiar advantages. Potatoes and all other root-crops thrive well, and the prairie grasses furnish good hay. The total value of the crops in 1919 was $158,166,000. The live stock, dairy produce, poultry, and wool were valued at $191,730,000. There are about 50,000 farmers in the province. Government. The affairs of Manitoba are directed by a lieutenant-governor, appointed for a term of five years by the Canadian Governor-General-in-Council, with an Executive Council of seven members, and a Legislative Assembly consisting of 49 members, who are chosen every five years by popular vote. The province is represented in the Dominion Parliament by four senators, appointed for life by the Governor-General-in- Council, and by 15 members of the Legislature elected by popular vote. The judiciary includes a chief-justice, three judges of the Court of King's Bench, and three county judges. Education. The public schools are free and non-sectarian, religious instruction being permitted only by the parents' consent. The reports for 1919 showed: registered pupils, 105,000; teachers, 2,700; average attendance, 27,870. Collegiate institutes for higher education are connected with the public school system in Winnipeg, Brandon, and Portage la Prairie, and other cities. Trade. In 1918-1919 the exports were valued at $22,906,768, and the imports at $48,776,879. Manufacturing. There were in 1917 1,329 manufacturing establishments, with a capital of $101,145,033, 19,205 employees, wages $15,029,928; value of products, $122,804,881. History. In 1769 English fur traders visited this region. These companies were united in the Hudson Bay Company. Manitoba was first settled about 1812, when the Hudson Bay Company conveyed a grant of land to Lord Selkirk, who sent out a number of colonists. These settled on the W. bank of the Red river, 4 miles N. of the present site of Winnipeg. In 1836 the territory was repur. chased by the Hudson Bay Company, and was sold in 1867 for $1,500,000 to the British Government, which then transferred it to Canada. In 1870, under a law of the Candian Parliament called the Manitoba Act, the Province began its constitutional life. The French settlers, discontented by the transfer of the Province, formed a provisional government headed by Louis Riel. On the arrival of a British military expedition. Riel fled to the United States, and opposition to Canadian rule collapsed. With the completion of the Candian Pacific railway in 1886, Manitoba entered upon See CANADA. a new era.
Aiton's Encyclopedia (1910)
man-i-to-ba', a central province of the Dominion of Canada . It lies directly north of Minnesota and North Dakota . It is rectangular in shape, and has an area of 73,096 square miles. The lake area is large. It includes Lake Manitoba, Lake Winnipegosis, and Lake Winnipeg. The capital is Winnipeg, at the junction of the Assiniboine and Red Rivers. The greater part of the province is a level, fertile prairie, lying in the former bed of glacial Lake Agassiz . There are four groups of low mountains or hills in the west. Named from north to south, they are known by the names of Porcupine, Moose, Riding, and Turtle. The eastern border is a country of cedar, spruce, willow, cottonwood, and tamarack. There are dense forests of pine in the northwest. The rest is prairie. The rivers and the lakes teem with fish. Waterfowl, once so numerous in the northern Mississippi Valley, including ducks, geese, brant, and teal, still nest in the province. Partridges, pheasants, prairie chickens, and other grouse, as well as moose, elk, and deer afford excellent hunting. The climate is severe in the winter time; the summers are delightful. AGRICULTURE. The province is, above all, agricultural. It embraces some of the best wheat-growing land in the world. Oats, barley, flax, and hemp are important productions. Potatoes and garden vegetables generally thrive. The prairie grasses are famous for hay. There is unlimited pasturage. Stock raising and dairying are becoming important industries. The chief manufactures are lumber, flour, and mill products. The province is crossed by the Canadian Pacific from east to west. The lines of the Great Northern and other roads enter from the south. HISTORICAL. Explorers in the interest of the Hudson Bay fur traders from England visited Manitoba as early as 1769. In 1812 Lord Selkirk, a Scottish peer, formed a settlement on the Red River . The territory was, for a time, in possession of the Hudson Bay Company . The company desired to hold it as a fur preserve and did not encourage settlement. In 1867 the rights were sold to the British government. In 1870 the province was organized by act of the Canadian Parliament. A number of French settlers were dissatisfied. They rose in rebellion repeatedly under Louis Riel. In 1885 he was executed. A liberal policy of granting public lands, similar to the homestead policy of the United States, has led to the rapid settlement of the country. Men of eighteen years of age, as well as female heads of households, are allowed a grant of 160 acres of land on easy conditions. GOVERNMENT AND EDUCATION. Local affairs are managed by a local legislature and a lieutenant-governor. The latter is appointed by the governor-general of Canada. Manitoba sends ten members to the Canadian House of Commons. In addition to provincial expense, about $2,000,000 is expended annually for schools. One of the first cares of the province was the establishment of an undenominational system of schools. Attendance is compulsory. As in the northwestern part of the United States, each sixteenth section of land was set aside to be sold for school purposes. A provincial college has been established at Winnipeg. Other state institutions are maintained at Brandon and Portage la Prairie. There is also a normal school at Winnipeg. POPULATION. The Scotch element is strong in Manitoba. The Presbyterian is the leading denomination. Others named in order of membership are the Episcopal, the Methodist, the Roman Catholic, and the Baptist churches. It is needless to add that the population is industrious, intelligent, and enterprising. The population in 1900 was 254,947, including 5,827 Indians and about twice as many halfbreeds. Settlers are pouring into the province so rapidly that the figures given in this statement are likely to require doubling for the year 1910. STATISTICS. The following statistics are the latest to be had from trustworthy sources: Land area, square miles 252,211 Water area 9,400 Population 465,000 Winnipeg 128,000 Number counties 9 Members of provincial legislature 40 Members of Dominion senate 4 Representatives in Dominion house of commons 10 Provincial revenue $80,000,000 Agricultural Products- Wheat, bushels 49,000,000 Barley, bushels 18,000,000 Oats, bushels 44,000,000 Flax, bushels 502,000 Butter, value $1,216,000 Cheese, value $183,000 Potatoes,. bushels 4,000,000 Domestic Animals- Horses 231,000 Milk cows 173,000 Other cattle 358,000 Sheep 29,000 Swine 192,000 See Winnipeg ; Red River ; Lake Agassiz ; Canada