Milk
2 of the 7 encyclopedias on this shelf carry an entry for Milk. Both are reproduced below, so you can see where they agree and where they differ.
Aiton's Encyclopedia (1910)
a whitish fluid secreted by mammals for the nourishment of the young. The two milk glands of the elephant are situated between the fore legs; those of the mare between the hind legs; those of the sow, the cat, and the mouse are distributed in two rows along the entire abdomen. Most domestic animals have two glands or teats. The cow has four. The milk of the cow, reindeer, mare, ass, yak, buffalo, goat, ewe, and camel are used for food. Milk contains minute globules of fat suspended in a solution--albumin, milk-sugar, casein, and salts. Human milk contains about 87.4 per cent of water, 3.4 per cent fat, 1.2 per cent albumin, 7 per cent sugar, and one-fifth of one per cent ash. It is slightly alkaline. Cow's milk contains a trifle less fat and more sugar; ewe's milk is the richest of all. Mare's milk is the poorest. Named in order of fat or butter content, the milk from dairy cows ranks about as follows: Jersey, 5.19; Guernsey, 5.16; Shorthorn, 4.05; Ayrshire, 3.64; Holstein, 3.43. The flow of milk may be increased by judicious feeding but the richness of the milk from a particular cow is not subject to much variation. Of late milk has begun to play a large part in the arts. Inventive Austrian manufacturers have discovered that the casein of skimmed milk may be mixed with formalin and converted into a horn-like substance which makes an excellent substitute for celluloid, bone, horn, rubber, and amber. The finest, whitest quality makes a substitute for ivory. It is used for piano keys. It is smooth to the touch and is proof against soap and water. It does not crack or chip, and is capable of being turned and carved like ivory. Galalith or milk stone, as this artificial substance is called, supplies an excellent material for billiard balls, handles, toilet boxes, penholders, dolls' heads, knife handles, door knobs, clocks, pin heads, collar buttons, picture frames, and a host of other articles for which an ivory or celluloid effect is desired. The factories of Austria convert 100,000 quarts of skimmed milk a day into galalith. See Food ; Butter ; Cheese ; Cow
Collier's New Encyclopedia (1921)
the fluid secreted by all female mammals for the nourishment of their inyoung. As an alimentary substance, it 1914, may be regarded as a perfect food. It and consists essentially of a solution of , sugar, albuminous and saline matter, Volunand holds in suspension a certain proorganportion of fat in the form of very mifor nute globules. Mare's milk contains a without larger proportion of sugar, while that Naval of the ewe is very much richer in alwhen buminous and fatty constituents, the World milk of the cow having its composition Militia more evenly adjusted. Milk spontaneously ferments, the sugar being converted into lactic acid, alcohol, and cartable bonic acid gas. When an artificial ferthe ment has been used, a larger proportion of alcohol is generated, and the milk is Terriconverted into a product to which the name of koumiss has been given. The chief adulterant added to milk is water; but sugar, carbonate of soda, salt, salicylic acid, and borax are also occasionally used. Condensed milk consists of cow's or goat's milk which has been evaporated by the aid of steam pipes or a vacuum pan. In human physiology, milk is the secretion of the mammary glands, whose activity begins at delivery, and continues for a period of nine months as a rule, but, if encouraged, may persist for a longer time. The fluid secreted contains all that is requisite for the nourishment and development of the child. The first milk secreted is colostrum; it acts as a natural purgative to the child. Municipal and State governments in the U. S. A. for many years have worked for a supply of pure, cheap milk. After the World War the he authorities of New York State and City were especially active in regulating the milk industry, and keeping down the price.