Newark
Newark names 3 different subjects across the 6 encyclopedias on this shelf. Each is set out below. 1 of them is described by more than one encyclopedia.
Newark the largest city of New Jersey
Described by 2 of the 6 encyclopedias.
Collier's New Encyclopedia (1921)
the largest city of New Jersey, and the county-seat of Essex co. It is on Newark Bay and extends to the mouth of the Passaic river. It is on the Pennsylvania, the Lehigh Valley, Central of New Jersey, Lackawanna, and the Erie railroads. The city has an area of about 24 miles. Surrounding it are a number of smaller suburban communities, including Belleville, Bloomfield, Montclair, the Oranges, Harrison, Irvington, and others. These are all connected with the city by trolley and steam railway lines. The city is pre-eminently a manufacturing center. There were in 1920 over 2,300 manufacturing establishments. The total capital invested in manufacturing was over $275,000,000. There were nearly 125,000 operatives employed. The total value of the raw material used in 1918 was $230,000,000 and the value of the finished product was $375,000,000. There were over 250 distinct lines of manufacture represented. In 1910 Newark ranked eleventh in the cities of the United States and in aggregate value of manufactured products. It is the chief city for the manufacture of fine jewelry in the United States. It produces the largest and best grades of leather for shoes, carriages, produced was manufactured in Newark. Among the chief manufactures in addition to those mentioned are cut glass, celluloid, patent leather, chemicals, paints and varnish, and foundry products. Newark is a great insurance center. It has three large important insurance companies, which had a total income in 1918 of $252,542,844. There were in 1918 nine National banks, one city bank, 10 trust companies, 5 savings institutions. There were over 150,000 depositors in the savings banks. The total bank clearings in 1918 amounted to $950,000,- 000. There are 28 city banks and 6 county banks within the city limits. It has an excellent system of public schools. There were in 1918 67 of these. The value of school property was about $12,000,000. The number of pupils enrolled in the schools constituted 75,000. In addition there were 26 parish schools and 7 private schools. The water supply of the city is taken from the Pequanac river in the north Jersey hills. There are excellent hospital facilities in the city. Among the notable buildings are the home buildings of the life and fire insurance companies, banks, city buildings and a large number of handsome private residences. Newark is administered by the commission form of government which was brought about by referendum on Oct. 9, 1917. The city was first settled in 1666 by a number of Congregationalists from Connecticut. Pop. (1910) 347,469; (1920) 414,524.
Aiton's Encyclopedia (1910)
the most populous city of New Jersey . It is situated on the Passaic River at the head of tide water navigation. From New York it is less than half an hour distant by rail via the main line of the Pennsylvania Central. It requires only an hour or two by boat to reach New York harbor. Newark lies, therefore, within the sphere of influence of that city. Though too remote to be a suburb, it is an outlying manufacturing and commercial center of great size and importance. There are between 3,000 and 4,000 manufacturing establishments employing in all 50,000 persons and paying wages to the amount of $24,000,000 a year. Among the specialties are stained glass, beer, wagons, carriages, harness, jewelry, shoes, patent leather, celluloid, cutlery, ink, and type. The manufacture of campaign buttons has grown to astonishing dimensions. Goods are sold very largely through New York jobbers. Newark is also a city of enormous capital. The first bank in New Jersey was opened here in 1804. As an insurance center Newark ranks third in the United States , being surpassed by New York and Hartford. Newark was settled in 1666 by a colony of Puritans from Connecticut. Princeton University, then the College of New Jersey, was located first at Newark. The merchants were engaged in coastwise trade with the West Indies and sympathized with their New England brethren in resistance to the Stamp Act and other parliamentary measures. During the British occupancy of New York the garrison took ample revenge by making systematic descents upon Newark by boat with demands for forage and provisions. According to the census of 1900 Newark had a population of 246,070. The state census of 1905 returned a population of 283,289. If suburbs be counted, the total is not less than a third of a million. The city has a complete system of water supply from the northern hills, electric car service, electric lights, 4,000 acres of parks, 170 churches, a public library, numerous hospitals, a normal school, and a system of public schools extending from kindergarten to high school. One separate school is maintained for colored children. See New Jersey
Newark a village of New York in Wayne co.
Collier's New Encyclopedia (1921)
a village of New York in Wayne co., 30 miles S. E. of Rochester. It is situated on the State barge canal and on the New York Central, West Shore, and Pennsylvania railroads. It is the center of a productive agricultural region. Its chief industries are fruit preserving and nursery products. There are also manufactories of paper boxes, wagons, automobile wheels, etc. It contains a public library and a State Asylum for Feeble-Minded. Newark was the home of the Fox sisters, from whose performances grew modern spiritualism. Pop. (1910) 6,227; (1920) 6,964.
Newark a city and county-seat of Licking co.
Collier's New Encyclopedia (1921)
a city and county-seat of Licking co., O.; at the junction of three branches of the Licking river, on the Ohio canal, and on the Pittsburgh, Cincinnati, Chicago, and St. Louis, the Baltimore and Ohio and electric railroads; 33 miles N. E. of Columbus. In the vicinity are petroleum refineries, coal mines, and sandstone quarries. Th The city contains railroad car shops, machine, stove, boiler, and other industrial plants, and glass works. Pop. (1910) 25,404; (1920) 26,718.
What Has Changed in the Last Century
Collier's in 1921 described Newark as "pre-eminently a manufacturing center" with 2,300 factories, 125,000 operatives and the nation's leading fine-jewelry and leather trades; almost all of that industry is gone. The city's population peaked at about 442,000 in 1930, fell to roughly 273,000 by 1990 after deindustrialization and the destructive riots of July 1967, and has since recovered only to about 305,000. What replaced the factories is freight and transport: Newark Liberty International Airport opened in 1928, and in April 1956 the first container ship, the Ideal X, sailed from Port Newark, which with Elizabeth is now the busiest container port on the East Coast. Insurance did survive — Prudential, one of the "three large important insurance companies" of 1918, still has its headquarters in the city — but the commission government adopted by referendum in 1917 was replaced by a mayor-council charter in 1954.
Written for this edition, 2026.