Ney
2 of the 7 encyclopedias on this shelf carry an entry for Ney. Both are reproduced below, so you can see where they agree and where they differ.
Collier's New Encyclopedia (1921)
MICHEL, DUKE OF ELCHIN- GEN AND PRINCE OF THE MOSKVA, peer and Marshal of France; born in Saarlouis, France, Jan. 10, 1769. His early years were devoted to the study of the law, but disliking the confinement, he entered the army as a private hussar in 1787. He distinguished himself in the first years of the Revolutionary War, when serving with the army of the Rhine; and in 1796 he rose to the rank of Brigadier-General. On his marriage with Mlle. Anguré, the friend of Hortense de Beauharnais, Napoleon named him his envoy and minister-plenipotentiary to the Helvetian republic; but in 1803 he was recalled to take command of the army intended to make a descent upon England. In the following year, Ney was created a marshal. After a succession of victories he obtained the additional title of Prince of the Moskva, and in June, 1814, he was invested with the dignity of a peer of France. He retired to his seat in the country, from which he was recalled in March, 1815, by information that Napoleon had quitted Elba. On taking leave of Louis XVIII., he made many protestations of his zeal and fidelity to the king. Arriving at Besançon, Ney, however, found the whole country hastening to meet the returning emperor at Lyons. The troops he commanded shared the delirium; and Ney himself yielded his opinion, and went over with his army to his former friend and master. He again fought under his banner at the battle of Waterloo. After the conclusion of that eventful day, and the second abdication of Napoleon , Ney was advised to quit France. He refused and retired to the residence of a near relative; but he was soon arrested, and brought to trial; and his colleagues and companions in arms having declared themselves incompetent to form a court-martial whereby to judge him, the affair was carried to the House of Peers, by whom he was condemned. He was shot Dec. 7, 1815, in the garden of the Luxembourg, Paris. NEZ PERCÉS, a tribe of American Indians, chiefly settled in Idaho, on the Lapwai river. The Nez Percés proper have always been loyal to the whites, and are making good progress in civilization; but in 1877 the treaty reductions of their reservation led to a sanguinary outbreak on the part of the "non-treaty" Nez Percés, who murdered settlers, fought the soldiers, and then fled across Idaho, Montana, and Dakota. They were overtaken by General, then Colonel, Miles, and beaten, and the survivors (some 350) transferred to Indian Territory; but in 1885 some were restored to Idaho, and the rest joined the Colville Indians, in Washington. There is no evidence that they ever had a custom which would justify their name, "pierced nose." At present their number has been reduced to some 1,000. NGANKINGFU or NGANKING, a city of China on the Yang-tze river. It has a military college and other public ' buildings. Pop. about 40,000. river, which flows from Lake Erie N. FALLS. The Niagara into Lake Ontario, is about 36 miles in length; its descent from the level of one lake to that of the other is about 334 feet. At the foot of Grand Island, which reaches within 1½ miles of the Falls, the river is contracted to a width of 22 miles, and grows narrower as it proceeds. By this, and by the descent in the channel, which is about 60 feet in the mile, are produced the swift currents known as the rapids, in which the river, notwithstanding its great depth, is perpetually white with foam. At the Falls, which are 22 miles from Lake Erie, the river is divided by an island called Goat Island; but , in consequence of a bend in the channel, by far the largest portion of the water is sent down by the Canadian side. On this side, therefore, is the grander cataract, which has been named the Horseshoe Fall and which is about 600 yards in width and 154 feet high. The water is so deep that it retains its green color for some distance below the brow of the precipice; and it rushes over with such force that it is thrown about 50 feet from the foot of the cliff. The separation caused by Goat Island leaves a large wall of rock between the Canadian and American falls, the latter being again divided by Island. This fall is from 8 to 10 feet an islet at a short distance from Goat higher than the Horseshoe, but only about 220 yards wider. The Falls can be seen from below on both sides, and every facility is given for viewing them from all the best points. The river is crossed about 200 or 300 yards below the Falls, by a suspension bridge, and by a ferry where it is 1,200 yards wide. A stratum of a rock runs across the direct which, after forming a vast circular course of the river, 3 or 4 miles below, basin, with an almost impassable whirlpool, is forced away at right angles to its old channel. culated at 16,000,000 horse power, and The total energy of the Falls is calgun on April 15, 1895, when the first the work of utiliz large dynamo was run at full speed. utilizing this power was be- On July 1 the first electric power transmitted for commercial purposes, 4,000 horse power, was sent to an aluminum 1896, the Niagara Falls Power Company factory a mile distant . On Jan. 17, accepted a grant for the transmission of electric power for lighting and power purposes to Buffalo. On April 18, 1898, house generator had been tested by the the fourth 5,000horse-power Westingpower company. This machine, the first of a new set of dynamos to be installed and operated, brought the capacity of the station up to 20,000 electrical horse power; additional dynamos subsequently raised the capacity to 300,000 horse power. It is used in Syracuse, 165 miles from the source, and supplies power to the electric railways of Ontario, 240 miles away.
Aiton's Encyclopedia (1910)
na, Michel (1769-1815), a French soldier. He was born in a French village named Saar Louis. He was the son of a soldier who gave him a fairly good education and desired to make him an engineer, but young Ney preferred to enlist in the French Hussars. Ordinarily he might never have risen from the ranks, but amid the upheavals of the Revolutionary War his ability as a soldier was noted by his superiors. He rose rapidly from one position to another until he became Napoleon's most trusted marshal. He commanded in Switzerland, on the Rhine, and in France. Wherever there was a hard fight Ney was sure to be there. He was in nearly all the great battles of the period. It was Ney whom Napoleon called the "Bravest of the brave," and decorated with the grand eagle of the legion of honor , and Ney again whom he made a prince on the field of battle. Ney headed the delegation of French officers who, in the name of the army, requested Napoleon to declare himself emperor. When the empire was declared Napoleon loaded him with honors and dignity. During the disastrous retreat from Moscow Ney brought up the rear and saved what was to be saved of the grand army from destruction. He served at Lutzen and at Leipsic, and was faithful to Napoleon to the last. When the emperor was sent to the Isle of Elba, and a Bourbon king, Louis XVIII , was placed on the throne, Ney accepted command of the French army. When, in 1815, Napoleon landed from Elba and the French soldiers began to desert to his standard by companies and regiments and brigades, Ney went too, and placed himself at the head of his colors at his old emperor's side. He fought the battle of Quatre Bras, and at Waterloo led the last ineffectual charge of the old guard. Napoleon was banished to St. Helena. Ney scorned to flee or to ask for mercy. By order of the degenerate Bourbon prince, he was arrested, tried for treason, and shot in the gardens of Luxembourg. No act of the Bourbon government could have done more to exasperate the feelings of the French people. Ney was buried in the beautiful cemetery of Pere Lachaise , where his remains still rest. He was a brave soldier, an able general-one of the most heroic figures of the Napoleonic wars. See Murat ; Napoleon