Nordau

Collier's New Encyclopedia (1921)

MAX SIMON, a German author; born in Pest, Hungary, July 29, 1849; followed various avocations, studying and practicing medicine, traveling, and writing for the press till 1880, when MAX SIMON NORDAU number a of books, of which the best known, perhaps, in the United States is "Degeneration" (1893). He became conspicuous in the Zionist movement. Among his other works are: "Paradoxes" (1885); "Drones Must Die" (1899); "The Dwarf's Spectacles" (1905); 5): "The Integrity of History" (1911); "Conventional Lies of Civilization" (1912). During the World War he at first attacked the Germans and later turned against the French. NORDENSKJÖLD, BARON NILS ADOLF ERIK, a Swedish Arctic explorer; born in Helsingfors, Finland, Nov. 18, 1832; In 1857 he naturalized Vol. VI-Cyc-EE NORDENSKJÖLD himself to Sweden, and was appointed head of the mineralogical department of the Royal Museum at Stockholm. During the next 20 years he frequently visited Spitzbergen; in 1864 he completed the measurement of an arc of the meridian there, and mapped the S. of the island. After two preliminary trips to the mouth of the Yenisei, by which he proved the navigability of the Kara Sea, he successfully accomplished (June, 1878-September, 1879), in the celebrated "Vega," the navigation of the Northeast Passage, from the Atlantic to the Pacific along the N. coast of Asia. On his return he was made a baron of Sweden (1880), and during the next five years published the results of the journey in "Voyage of the Vega Round Asia and Europe" (1881), "Scientific Results of the Vega Expedition" (1883), and "Studies and Investigations" (1885). To Greenland, too, he made two expeditions; members of his party on the second occasion (1883) reached a point 140 miles distant from the E. coast, but without finding the. ice-free interior Baron Nordenskjöld believed to exist. Three years later he published a book on the icy interior of Greenland. He died in Stockholm, Sweden, Aug. 12, 1901. NORDENSKJÖLD, NILS OTTO, Swedish explorer; born in Småland, 1869; graduated Upsala University, 1894; joined exploring party to Patagonia and another to Alaska; explored coast of Greenland with Danish party under Amdrup, in 1900; headed a party into Antarctic regions in 1901, in which expedition he was unfortunate enough to be shipwrecked, he and his party being rescued by Argentine gunboat. Explored Greenland in 1909. Is Professor of Geography at Gothenburg University and has written a number of books on his explorations.