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Odyle (also Od, Odic Force, Odyllic Force)

An Encyclopaedia of Occultism (1920)

The term first used by Baron von Reichenbach to denote the subtle effluence which he supposed to emanate from every substance in the universe, particularly from the stars and planets, and from crystals, magnets and the human body. The odyle was perceptible only to sensitives, in whom it produced vague feelings of heat or cold, according to the substance from which it radiated; or a sufficiently sensitive person might perceive the odyllic light, a clear flame of definite colour, issuing from the human finger-tips, the poles of the magnet, various metals, chemicals, etc., and hovering like a luminous cloud over new-made graves. The colours varied with each substance; thus silver and gold had a white flame; cobalt, a blue; copper and iron, a red. The English mesmerists speedily applied Reichenbach's methods to their own sensitives, with results that passed their expectations. The thoroughness of Reichenbach's experiments, and the apparent soundness of his scientific methods, made a deep impression of the public mind. The objections of Braid , who at this time advanced his theory of suggestion, were ignored by the protagonists of odyle. In after years, when spiritualism had established itself in America, there remained a group of "rational" defenders of the movement, who attributed the phenomena of spiritualism as well as those of the poltergeist to the action of odylic force. Table-turning and rapping were also referred to this emanation by many who laughed to scorn Faraday's theory of unconscious muscular action. Others again, such as Mr. Guppy, regarded the so-called "spirit" intelligences producing the manifestations as being compounded of odylic vapours emanating from the medium, and probably connected with an all-pervading thought-atmosphere-an idea sufficiently like the "cosmic fluid" of the early magnetists.

What Has Changed in the Last Century

When the Encyclopaedia of Occultism described odyle in 1920, it still treated Baron von Reichenbach's 1840s experiments as impressively thorough and reported that the objections of James Braid were "ignored." It is Braid and Faraday who won: no instrument has ever detected an odylic emanation, and the coloured flames seen by "sensitives" in darkened rooms are now understood as products of suggestion, expectation and the eye's own behaviour in prolonged darkness, while table-turning and rapping are credited to the ideomotor effect Faraday demonstrated in 1853. Od survives only as a chapter in the history of pseudoscience, though its descendants persist as the "human energy field" of aura readings and therapeutic touch — the latter famously failed a controlled test devised by a schoolgirl, Emily Rosa, published in a medical journal in 1998. The account remains useful as a record of how confidently the force was once defended, not as a description of anything real.

Written for this edition, 2026.