Order

Collier's New Encyclopedia (1921)

in archæology, the different modes of architectural treatment adopted by the ancients in constructing their public edifices and buildings of the higher class. They are usually separated five, principally distinguished from each other by the proportions of their columns and the kind of capitals employed, but also by the relative proportions and decorative parts of their entablatures, as well as other minor features. They are known as the Doric, Ionic, Corinthian, Tuscan and Composite. In ecclesiastical ment of the New Law by which spiritual power is given, and grace conferred for the performance of sacred duties." The Council of Trent (sess. xxiii.) asserted, and anathematized those who denied (1) that there was a real priesthood in the New Law; (2) that, besides the priesthood, there were grades of orders; (3) that Order was a Sacrament instituted by Christ; (4) that the Holy Ghost was given and a character conferred at ordination; (5) that unction was properly used in ordination; (6) that there was a divinely appointed hierarchy in the Roman Church; (7) that bishops were superior in power to priests, and were the ministers of Confirmation and Order; and (8) that bishops appointed by the Roman Pontiffs were true and legitimate bishops. The doctrine of Apostolical Succession is a necessary deduction from the view that Order is a Sacrament. Orders in the Roman Church are divided into two classes: Sacred, or Major, and Minor Orders. In the East the number of orders has varied at different times, but in the Greek, Coptic, and Nestorian Churches the orders recognized are those of bishop, priest, deacon, subdeacon, and reader. Anglicans acknowledge three: bishops, priests, and deacons. The validity of Anglican Orders is denied by the Roman Church. English clerics entering that church, and wishing to become priests, must be ordained by a Roman bishop. bishop. In geometry, rank or class. In analysis, magnitudes are classed into orders, depending upon the degree of their equations. All algebraic magnitudes whose equations are of the first degree are of the first order; those whose equations are of the second, third, etc., degrees, are respec-