Osborn
Osborn names 5 different subjects across the 6 encyclopedias on this shelf. Each is set out below.
Osborn HENRY FAIRFIELD, an American scientist and author
Collier's New Encyclopedia (1921)
HENRY FAIRFIELD, an American scientist and author. He was born in 1857 at Fairfield, Conn., and after graduating at Princeton in 1877, devoted himself to the study of palæontology. In 1881 he became instructor at Princeton in natural science and two years later professor of anatomy, leaving in 1890 to teach zoology at Columbia University. He was twenty years at Columbia, filling the post of dean of natural science part of the time, and that of curator of vertebrate palæontology in the American Museum of Natural History. While engaged in teaching, his research and exploration work widened the field of natural history and his reconstruction of prehistoric mammals drew the attention of scientists all the world over. In 1908 he became president of the board of trustees of the Natural History Museum, and has acted as palæontologist to the geological surveys of the United States and Canada. He was official or president of several societies working in his field, among them the Bison Society, and the Morphological Society. His first published work, which appeared in 1890, was "Evolution then he wrote and Heredity." Since "From the Greeks to Darwin"; "Hereditary Mechanism"; "Evolution of Mammalian malia Molar Teeth"; "The Age of Mammals"; "Huxley and Education"; "Men of the Stone Age."
Osborn HENRY STAFFORD, an American educator
Collier's New Encyclopedia (1921)
HENRY STAFFORD, an American educator; born in Philadelphia, Pa., Aug. 17, 17, 1823; graduated University of Pennsylvania in 1841, Union Theological Seminary 1846. He held several pastorates and was Professor of Mining and Metallurgy in Lafayette College in 1866-1870; and Miami University till 1873, when he devoted himself to elaborating his surveys of noted places in Biblical history, and preparing a set of maps of the Holy Land that have become standards. Among his publications are: "Palestine, Past and Present" (1855); "Scientific Metallurgy of Iron and Steel in the United States" (1870); "Ancient Egypt in the Light of Recent Discoveries" (1885); "Biblical History and Geography" (1888); etc. He died in New York City, Feb. 2, 1894.
Osborn HERBERT, an American biologist
Collier's New Encyclopedia (1921)
HERBERT, an American biologist, born at Lafayette, Wis., in 1856. He graduated from Iowa State College in 1879. He served as professor of zoology at that institution from 1885 to 1898. In the latter year he was appointed state entomologist of Iowa. He was director of the Lake Laboratory of Ohio University in 1898 and was director of Ohio Biological Survey in 1912. He was a member of many important American and foreign professional societies. He wrote much on entomology. His most important works are "Economic Zoology" (1908); "Economic Entomology (1916). He also contributed many articles to professional journals.
Osborn CHASE SALMON, an American public official
Collier's New Encyclopedia (1921)
CHASE SALMON, an American public official, born in Huntington co., Ind., in 1860. After studying at Purdue University he entered newspaper work at Lafayette, Ind. In sevfollowing he did newspaper eral work in Chicago Chicaine Milanspare became a newspaper publisher in Florence, Wis., and afterwards purchased and published other newspapers in Michigan. He served in various public cawas commissioner of rail- 1899 to 1903. He was electof Michigan in 1911. He Andean Land " in 1909.
Osborn LAUGHTON, an American artist and author
Collier's New Encyclopedia (1921)
LAUGHTON, an American artist and author, born in New York City in 1809. He graduated at Columbia College in 1827. His works include: "Sixty Years of Life" (1831); "Vision of Ru Rubeta" (1838); "Arthur Carryl" 1841; "Travels by Sea and Land" (1868). He died in New York City, Dec. 12, 1878.
What Has Changed in the Last Century
When Collier's wrote this in 1921, Henry Fairfield Osborn was at the height of his fame; he stayed president of the American Museum of Natural History until 1933 and died in 1935. Little of his own theorising survived him — he rejected natural selection for directed "orthogenesis," and in 1922 announced Hesperopithecus, the so-called Nebraska Man, from a single tooth that proved in 1927 to belong to a peccary. He is remembered today chiefly for naming Tyrannosaurus rex in 1905 and Velociraptor in 1924, and criticised for the eugenics and racial hierarchy he championed, including hosting the Second International Eugenics Congress at the museum in 1921. Of the others listed, Chase Salmon Osborn served a single term as governor of Michigan, 1911–13, and died in 1949.
Written for this edition, 2026.