Philip (One of the apostles according)

Collier's New Encyclopedia (1921)

one of the 12 apostles, according to John's Gospel, "of Bethsaida, the city of Andrew and Peter," and who was called to follow Jesus at Bethany. After the resurrection he was present present at the election of Matthias to the apostleship, but it is not again mentioned. In the Western Church he is commemorated May 1. PHILIP THE EVANGELIST, often confounded with the above, is first mentioned in Acts vi: 5. He preached at Smyrna. pean rulers, as follows: The name of five kings, the most celebrated of whom was PHILIP II., father of Alexander the Great, and son of Amynthas II.; born 382 b. c. He was brought up at Thebes, and began to reign after the death of his brother, Perdiccas III., in 359. With great ability, energy, and success, he first secured the internal peace, improved the discipline of his army, and created the famous phalanx. He aspired to make himself master of all the states of Greece, and then to invade and conquer Persia. The siege and capture of Amphipolis, Pydna, and Potidæa took place between 358-356. Four years later, after taking Methone, and subduing Lycophron, tyrant of Pheræ, he advanced toward Greece, but his course was stayed at Thermopylæ by the Athenians. The same year Demosthenes delivered the first of his famous orations ("Philippics") against the Macedonian conqueror. Philip took Olynthus in 347, after a war of three years; soon after made peace with the Athenians, conquered Phocis, and closed the Sacred War. In 340 he besieged Perinthus and Byzantium, but the Athenians, aroused by the successive appeals of their great orator, sent an expedition under Phocion, and Philip had to raise the sieges in the following year. But the crisis of Greek independence was at hand; the victory of Chæronea, over the allied Athenians and Thebans, 338, made Philip master of Greece. In 336 he was assassinated at Ægea. ROME