Robert

Collier's New Encyclopedia (1921)

DUKE OF NORMANDY, surnamed THE DEVIL; the younger son of Duke Richard II. by his marriage with Judith, a daughter of Count Godfrey of Brittany. In 1028 he succeeded his elder brother, Richard III., whom he is charged with having poisoned. The first years of his government were employed in bringing his rebellious vassals into subjection, and he then restored Count Baldwin of Flanders to his states, assisted Henry I., King of France, against his mother Constantia, and humbled Count Otho of Champagne. In 1034 his fleet was wrecked off Jersey while on its way to England to support his nephews Alfred and Edward against Canute, who had excluded them from the succession to the 1 English throne. Hereupon he concluded a truce with Canute, by which the two princes were promised half of England. În 1033 he set out to visit the holy places, and subsequently made the pilgrimage to Jerusalem on foot. While returning he died suddenly in Nicea in Asia Minor (1035), and is supposed to have been poisoned by his servants. William the Conqueror was his son. ROBERT I. See BRUCE, ROBERT. ROBERT II., King of Scotland; born in Scotland, March 2, 1316; the son of Marjory, daughter of Robert Bruce, and of Walter, steward of Scotland, and was thus the first of the Stewart or Stuart kings. He was recognized by Parliament in 1318 as heir to the crown. On the death of David II. he was crowned at Scone, March 26, 1371. He had long ville, S. C., in 1837. He graduated from acted as regent, and had done good service in the English wars. An act of Parliament in 1375 settled the crown on his sons by his first wife Elizabeth Mure of Rowallan, illegitimate by ecclesiastical law. His reign was comparatively a peaceful one, one of the chief events being the battle of Otterburn. He died in Dundonald Castle, May 13, 1390. ROBERT III., King of Scotland, eldest son of the preceding; born in 1340 and was originally called John, but changed his name on his coronation in 1390. Having been lamed by accident, he was unable to engage in military pursuits, and he trusted the management of affairs almost entirely to his brother, whom he created Duke of Albany. In 1398 Albany was compelled to resign his office by a party who wished to confer it on the king's eldest son, David, Duke of Rothesay. War was renewed with England, and the battle of Homildon Hill, Sept. 14, 1402, resulted in a disastrous defeat of the Scotch. In this year the Duke of Rothesay died in Falkland Castle, where he had been imprisoned; and it was commonly believed that he was starved instigation of Albany. to death at the Dread of Albany, who had recovered the regency, induced the king to send his second son, James, to France in 1406; but the vessel which carried him was captured by the English, and Henry IV. long detained him as a prisoner. Soon after this event Robert died in Rothesay, Bute, in 1406.