Roosevelt
Roosevelt names 7 different subjects across the 6 encyclopedias on this shelf. Each is set out below.
Roosevelt THEODORE, an American statesman
Collier's New Encyclopedia (1921)
THEODORE, an American statesman, historian, essayist, publicist, naturalist, explorer , civil and political reformer, soldier, 26th president of the United States. Born, New York City, Oct. 27, 27, 1858 ; was graduated from Harvard University 1880, and was subsequently the recipient of many honorary degrees from American and European universities. During early life Roosevelt was frail, but succeeded in building up a strong physical constitution by exercise and open air life. After graduation he engaged in the study of law, but abandoned the pursuit to become a member of the New York State Legislature, 1882-84, representing the 21st Assembly District of New York. The key to his later attitude as a reformer will be found in his indignation over the decision of the Court of Appeals that a law he had fathered in favor of public health by prohibiting the manufacture and the preparation of tobacco in tenement-houses was declared unconstitutional. He was a delegate to the Republican National Convention , 1884, and during the campaign supported James G. Blaine. From 1884-86 he lived on a ranch in North Dakota, which gave the background for his subsequent writings on life in the far west. In 1886 he was defeated for the mayoralty of New York City by Abram F. Hewitt. Upon appointment by President Benjamin Harrison, Roosevelt became a member of the United States Civil Service Commission serving 1889-95. Into this work he threw great enthusiasm, reform upon Congress and the American and forced the question of civil service people. He resigned in 1895 to become sioners for the City of New York, in President of the Board of Police Commiswhich position he probably made himself THEODORE ROOSEVELT more felt than any other official in the history of the city. in 1897 he resigned to become Assistant At the request of President McKinley Secretary of the Navy under John D. Long of Massachusetts. sisted on putting the United States fleet, tts. Foreseeing that war with Spain was inevitable, he inin preparation for instant action. When naval position, May 6, 1898, and enthe war with Spain came he resigned his tered the military service as Lieutenant Colonel, First United States Cavalry Volunteers, known subsequently as the of his regiment in the fight at San Juan "Rough Riders." He was in command Hill, was commended for gallantry and promoted to be Colonel. elected Governor of the State of New In November, 1898 , Roosevelt was York. During his incumbency he fought strenuously against boss control and for Vol 8 H-Cyc the many measures he had advocated while United States Civil Service Commissioner. The Republican National Convention in Philadelphia, 1900, nominated him for the Vice-Presidency on the McKinley ticket, a candidacy which Roosevelt was very reluctant to accept. President McKinley was assassinated on Sept. 14, 1901, and Roosevelt succeeded to the Presidency at the age of 43. During his term of office he fulfilled his promise and adhered strictly to the Republican platform and principles as enunciated by McKinley during the campaign, and retained the Cabinet which McKinley had chosen. One of his outstanding acts was to appoint the Anthracite Strike Arbitration Commission, which brought about peace in the the anthracite coal regions for many subsequent years. The Republican National Convention at Chicago in 1904 unanimously nominated Roosevelt for the Presidency, and he received 7,623,486 popular votes and 336 electoral votes to 5,077,970 popular votes and 140 electoral college votes given for the Democratic candidate, Alton B. Parker. During his presidency Roosevelt endeavored to regulate the influence of large corporations without destroying their equities. He resisted the German Kaiser and brought about the submission of the Moroccan dispute to a conference of the Powers of Algeciras. Evidence has come to light that both Roosevelt and his Secretary, John Hay, were well aware at that time of the plans of the German Emperor for universal dominion, and they succeeded in frustrating those plans so far as American interests were concerned, and particularly in relation to China. Through Roosevelt's influence in 1905 Russia was persuaded to come to terms with Japan and thus close the costly Russo-Japanese War, for which he received the Nobel Prize in 1906. Throughout his administration Roosevelt's chief domestic policy was the conservation of natural resources. The most conspicuous and spectacular of Roosevelt's acts as President was the recognition of the new republic of Panama which led to the subsequent completion of the Panama Canal. Upon the expiration of his term Roosevelt went immediately on a big game hunting excursion through Central Africa. From 1909-14 he was contributing editor of the "Outlook," in which journal he commented on national and international affairs. In 1910 he was special ambassador of the United States at the funeral of King Edward VII. Upon his return from Africa and Europe Roosevelt became convinced that the Republican Party was falling into the hands of reactionaries. The Republican National Convention, Chicago, 1912, brought on a crisis in which the Liberal or Progressive Republicans demanded Roosevelt's nomination. There was bitter dispute over the seating of certain delegates, but William H. Taft was nominated for the presidency. Owing to a belief that certain rulings of the Chairman were unparliamentary, the Progressive Republicans felt that they were not bound by the vote. This gave birth to what was known as the Progressive or Bull Moose Party, which six weeks later met in Chicago and nominated Roosevelt for the presidency on a new party ticket. The platform adopted stressed many of the liberal doctrines which Roosevelt had advocated during his career and some to which he gave personally only reluctant assent. The chief hief planks in the platform were direct primaries, es, conservation of natural resources, woman suffrage, the initiative, the referendum and the recall of judicial decisions. Woodrow Wilson, Governor of New Jersey, was nominated by the Democratic Party which resulted in an intensely bitter three-cornered fight. At the election on Nov. 5, Wilson was elected by 6,286,000 votes out of 15,310,000. Roosevelt received 4,126,000 and Taft 3,483,000. Although many of the Progressives felt that they had formed a new permanent political party, Roosevelt did not share their views, for in 1916 he gave his unqualified support to Charles E. Hughes, the Republican candidate for the presidency. In 1913 Roosevelt went to South America where he delivered a series of addresses, and in 1914 explored a tributary of the Madeira river, in Brazil, for a distance of 600 miles. Fever contracted during this expedition led to physical troubles which finally ended in death. The year 1915 is memorable in his life because of a law-suit brought against him by William Barnes, Jr., of Albany, N. Y., charging Roosevelt with libel. The verdict was in favor of the defendant. The Progressive Party in 1916 nominated Roosevelt for the presidency which he declined almost immediately, in order to throw his personal influence in favor of Hughes against Wilson. During the World War, 1914-18, Roosevelt spoke and wrote incessantly on the duty of America to take a more positive stand in the conflict. He offered to raise and equip an army division or several divisions and lead them to France in 1917, but the offer was declined by President Wilson. Roosevelt died unexpectedly Jan. 6, 1919. Since his death all partisan feeling toward him has passed away, and he is now recognized as one of the greatest leaders of the United States, certainly the most versatile man America has produced. He was apparently impulsive in his utterances, but when his conclusions were examined, almost invariably they were found to rest upon sound erudition and had been reached by sustained and consecutive thought. His reading was unusually extensive, and his personal friendship with statesmen, scientists and eminent thinkers and writers of many lands made him familiar with the best and most advanced contemporaneous thought of the world. Besides a multitude of magazine and newspaper articles he wrote the following volumes: "Winning of the West" (1889- 96); "History of the Naval War of 1812" (1882); "Hunting Trips of a Ranchman" (1885 ); "Life of Thomas Hart Benton" 1886); ( "Life of Gouverneur Morris" (1887); "Ranch Life and Hunting Trail" (1888); "History of New York" (1890); "The Wilderness Hunter" (1893); "American Ideals and Other Essays" (1897); "The Rough Riders" (1899); "Life of Oliver Cromwell" (1900); "The Strenuous Life" (1900); "Works" (8 Vols., 1902); "The Deer Family" (1902); "Outdoor Pastimes of an American Hunter" (1906); "Good Hunting" (1907); "True Americanism"; "African and European Addresses" (1910); “African Game Trails " (1910); "The New Nationalism" (1910); "Realizable Ideals" (the Earl lectures, 1912); "Conservation of Womanhood and Childhood" (1912); "History as Literature, and Other Essays" (1913); Theodore " Roosevelt, an Autobiography" (1913); "Life Histories of African Game Animals" (2 vols., 1914); "Through the Brazilian Wilderness" (1914); "America and the World War" (1915); "A Booklover's Holidays in the Open" (1916),; "Fear God, and Take Your Own Part " (1916); "Foes of Our Own Household" (1917); "National Strength and Inter- Duty" (Stafford Little Lectures, Princeton Univ., 1917); "Theodore Roosevelt's Letters to His Children" (1919).
Roosevelt FRANKLIN DELANO, an American public official
Collier's New Encyclopedia (1921)
FRANKLIN DELANO, an American public official, born at Hyde Park, Dutchess co., N. Y., in 1882, a distant relative of Theodore Roosevelt. He graduated from Harvard University in 1904 and studied at the Columbia University Law School from 1904 to 1907. He was admitted to the bar in the latter year and began practice with the firm of Carter, Ledyard & Milburn, of New York City. He remained in this connection until 1910, when he became a member of the firm of Marvin, Hooker & Roosevelt. He was elected to the State Senate in 1910, but resigned in 1913 on his appointment as assistant secretary of the navy. In 1918 he was in charge of the inspection of the United States naval forces in European waters and in 1919 had general charge of demobilization of naval forces in Europe. During the World War he carried on his important duties with the Navy Department with great energy, and, in general, escaped the criticism which was lodged against other high officials of that department. Although he had not hitherto been conspicuous in partisan politics, he was chosen Democratic candidate for vice-president at the Democratic part in the campaign and made speeches in all parts of the country, but chiefly in the Middle and Far West.
Roosevelt THEODORE, JR., an American military officer and public official
Collier's New Encyclopedia (1921)
THEODORE, JR., an American military officer and public official, born in Oyster Bay, N. Y., in 1887, oldest son of Theodore Roosevelt (q. v.). He graduated from Harvard University in 1908 , receiving an honorary degree of M.A. in 1919. After leaving college he engaged in business. Upon the entrance of the United States into the World War, he volunteered, being commissioned major of the 26th infantry on April 20, 1917, and being promoted lieutenant-colonel in September, 1918. He saw service in France from June, ne, 1917, to the end of the war, participating in the battles at Cantigny, Soissons, and in the Argonne- Meuse and the St. Mihiel offensives. He was wounded and received the Legion of Honor and the Croix de Guerre. He was an organizer of the American Legion, a member of the National Executive Committee of the Boy Scouts of America, THEODORE ROOSEVELT, JR. and trustee of the American Museum of ber, 1919, he was elected to the New York Natural History, New York. In Novem- State Ass State Assembly, and was elected again Americans" (1919). He was nominated in November, 1920. He wrote "Average March 7, 1921, by President Harding, and confirmed March 9th.
Roosevelt QUENTIN, an American aviator
Collier's New Encyclopedia (1921)
QUENTIN, an American aviator, youngest son of Theodore QUENTIN ROOSEVELT National Convention, in July, 1920. Fol- Roosevelt (q. v.), born at Oyster Bay, lowing his nomination he took a vigorous N. Y., in 1897. At the entrance of the suc- United States into the World War he at once enlisted in the aviation service and, after training, was assigned to the American Air Force in France. On July 14, 1918, he was flying with an American squadron, when it was suddenly attacked by German aeroplanes . A struggle ensued which culminated in a duel between Lieutenant Roosevelt and a German noncommissioned officer. The latter ceeded in so injuring Lieutenant Roosevelt's machine that it fell near the village of Chamery, about six miles north of the Marne. Lieutenant Roosevelt was found to have been shot through the head. He was buried with military honors by the German airmen and in 1920 the area in which his body lay was given to Mrs. Theodore Roosevelt by the French Government.
Roosevelt KERMIT, an American writer
Collier's New Encyclopedia (1921)
KERMIT, an American writer, born in Oyster Bay, N. Y., in 1889, the second son of THEODORE ROOSE- VELT (q. v.). He was educated at Harvard University in 1909, and in 1910 he accompanied his father on a hunting trip to Africa, being also his companion on his South American trip in 1914. From 1911 to 1916 he was engaged in engineering and banking enterprises in South America. During the World War he served as captain in the British army in Mesopotamia, being transferred to the 7th artillery, first division, United States Army, in June, 1918. He was honorably discharged in March, 1919, and received the British Military Cross and the Montenegrin War Cross. After the war he was for some time secretary of the American Ship and Commerce Corporation and of the Kerr Navigation Corporation. He wrote "War in the Garden of Eden" (1919).
Roosevelt ROBERT BARNWELL, an American lawyer
Collier's New Encyclopedia (1921)
ROBERT BARNWELL, an American lawyer ; born in New York City, Aug. 7, 1829. He was an enthusiastic sportsman , and published: "The Game Fish of North America " (1860); "The Game Birds of the North" (1866); "Superior Fishing" (1866); "Florida and the Game Water Birds" (1868); "Five Acres Too Much " (1869), a satire provoked by Edmund Morris's "Ten Acres Enough"; and " Progressive Petticoats," a satire on female physicians. He died June 14, 1906.
Roosevelt a borough of Middlesex co.
Collier's New Encyclopedia (1921)
a borough of Middlesex co., N. J. It has a frontage on Staten Island Sound, and on the Rahway river, and is on the Central of New Jersey railroad. It was formed in 1906 by the consolidation of three districts. It is an important industrial city and has manufactures of steel, fertilizers, metal goods, cigars, paints, etc. Pop. (1910) 5,786; (1920) 11,047.
What Has Changed in the Last Century
Six of the seven Roosevelts on this page are eclipsed by one, and Collier's, writing in 1921 barely two years after his death in January 1919, had no way of knowing that a second Roosevelt would soon overshadow even him. The essay above breaks off in mid-sentence at the Bull Moose campaign of 1912; it does not reach his near-fatal 1913-14 descent of Brazil's River of Doubt, now the Rio Roosevelt, nor his failed bid to raise a division for the World War, nor the death of his son Quentin in the air over France in 1918. Theodore's fifth cousin Franklin, in 1921 a polio-stricken former Assistant Secretary of the Navy, was elected president four times from 1932; his wife Eleanor, Theodore's niece, went on to chair the UN commission that drafted the Universal Declaration of Human Rights in 1948. Theodore himself remains firmly in the front rank of American presidents, carved on Mount Rushmore in the 1930s, though modern historians treat the Panama episode the entry calls his most spectacular act far more critically than Collier's did, and his views on race and empire are now central to how he is judged.
Written for this edition, 2026.