Shackleton
Shackleton names 2 different subjects across the 6 encyclopedias on this shelf. Each is set out below.
Shackleton SIR ERNEST HEN- RY, a British Antarctic explorer
Collier's New Encyclopedia (1921)
SIR ERNEST HEN- RY, a British Antarctic explorer, born in 1874, at Kilkee, Ireland . He served for a time in the commercial marine and as an officer of the Royal Naval Reserve, serving as a lieutenant under Captain R. F. Scott, on the British National Antarctic expedition, from 1901 to 1904. In 1907 he organized and commanded an expedition during which he made valuable explorations , reaching the south magnetic pole for the first time. He personally led a party which reached the latitude of 88° 27', within 97 miles of the pole. This passed all previous records by 366 geographical miles. He discovered the pole and an enormous glacier, and mountain ranges. The journey cre ended in a vast polar plateau, about 11,000 feet above sea-level. He was engaged, in 1914-16, in an attempt to cross the continent of Antarctica from Coats Land to McMurdoo Sound. The expedition ended by the destruction of its ship, the "Endurance." The crew, after many dangerous adventures, reached Elephant Island, and Shackleton, leaving 23 men on the island, made a voyage with five others in a whale boat, to South Georgia, they are grown for the market in Florida 800 miles distant. After three failures, he finally succeeded in reaching the survivors of the party. Three, however, had perished. During this expedition new land, named Kaird Coast, was discovered. Shackleton was knighted in 1909. He wrote "The Heart of the Antarctic," and "The Diary of a Troopship."
Shackleton ROBERT, an American writer
Collier's New Encyclopedia (1921)
ROBERT, an American writer, born at Mazomanie, Wis., in 1860. He was educated in the schools of Cleveland, Ohio, and studied law at the University of Michigan, being admitted to the bar in 1881. He was engaged in newspaper work in New York for several years and from 1900 to 1902 was associate editor of "The Saturday Evening Post." He wrote many books in collaboration with his wife on antique furniture, and also books on miscellaneous subjects. Among these are "The Great Adventurer" (1904); "The Quest of the Colonial" (1907); "Adventures in Home- Making" (1910); "The Charm of the Antique" (1914); "Touring Great Britain" (1914); "The Book of Philadelphia" (1919); "The Book of New York" (1917); "The Book of Chicago" (1920).
What Has Changed in the Last Century
Collier's wrote in 1921 while Shackleton was still alive and planning another voyage; he died of a heart attack aboard the Quest at South Georgia on 5 January 1922, within months of this account, and is buried at Grytviken. The entry's details have also been tidied by later scholarship: he was born at Kilkea in County Kildare rather than Kilkee, and the south magnetic pole was reached in 1909 by the Nimrod expedition's northern party under David, Mawson and Mackay, not by Shackleton himself, whose own southern march turned back at about 88°23' S. The greatest change is in reputation — once ranked below Scott, his 1916 open-boat voyage in the James Caird and the rescue of every man from Elephant Island are now the most celebrated leadership story in polar history. In March 2022 the wreck of the Endurance was located on the floor of the Weddell Sea, about 3,000 metres down and remarkably intact.
Written for this edition, 2026.