Aalborg
one of the most ancient cities of Denmark, the capital of the district of the same name, in Jutland, on the Limfjord and on the Danish State railway. It is the seat of a bishop and has a cathedral, a museum, a library, and schools. It is important as a commercial and manufacturing center. Pop. about 35,000.
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Aar
the most considerable river in Switzerland, after the Rhine and Rhone. It forms at Handeck, in the valley of Hasli, a magnificent waterfall of above 150 feet in height, and empties into the Rhine, opposite Waldshut, after a course of about 170 miles.
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Aarau
a town in Switzerland, capital of the canton of Aargau, on the right bank of the Aar. Has manufactures of scientific instruments, silk, cotton, leather, and bells, a library, and historic, scientific, and ethnographic museums. Here, in December, 1797, the ancient Swiss confederacy held its last session; from April to September, 1798, it was capital of the Helvetic republic. Pop. about 10,000.
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Aard-Vark
the orycteropus capensis, an insectivorous animal which partakes of the nature both of the ant-eater and the armadillo; agreeing with the former in its general habits, but, although entirely destitute of scaly armor, more resembling the latter as to its anatomical structure. The aard-vark measures about 5 feet to the end of the tail: its skin is thick, coarse, and covered with stiff hair; the limbs short, thick, and very muscular. This animal is very common in Cape Colony.
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Aard-Wolf
the Proteles Lalandii, a singular carnivorous animal, first brought from south Africa by the traveler Delalande. It forms the connecting link between three genera widely separated from each other, having externally the appearance and bone structure of the hyena united to the head and feet of the fox, with the intestines of the civet.
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Aargau
or ARGOVIA, one of the cantons of Switzerland, bounded on the N. by the river Rhine, on the E. by Zurich and Zug, on the S. by Lucerne and Berne, and on the W. by Soleure and Basel. Area, 542 square miles of well cultivated soil and extensive vineyards. This is one of the cantons most distinguished for industry and generally diffused prosperity. Pop. about 250,000.
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Aarhuus
one of the districts into which Denmark is divided. It embraces the most eastern part of the peninsula of Jutland, and is divided into two bailiwicks, Aarhuus and Randers. Area, 1,821 square miles. Pop. about 225,000, chiefly occupied in the fisheries.
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Aarhuus
a city, the capital of the bailiwick of the same name. It is situated on the Cattegat. Pop. about 65,000. The harbor is small, but good and secure.
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Aaron
son of Amram (tribe of Levi), elder brother of Moses, and divinely appointed to be his spokesman in the embassy to the court of Pharaoh. By the same authority, avouched in the budding of his rod, he was chosen the first highpriest. He was recreant to his trust the absence of Moses upon the Mount, and made the golden calf for the people to worship. He died on Mount Hor in the 123d year of his age; and the highpriesthood descended to his third son, Eleazar. Aaron's rod, in archæology, is a rod like that of Mercury, but with only one serpent, instead of two, twined around it. AB, the eleventh month of the civil year of the Hebrews, and the fifth of their ecclesiastical year. It corresponds to part of our month of July and to the beginning of August; it consists of 30 days. The first and ninth days are fast days, commemorating respectively the death of Aaron and the destruction of the first and second temples. 1-Vol. I-Cyc
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Ab
(Semitic magical month). Crossing a river on the 20th of that month was supposed to bring sickness. In ancient texts it states that if a man should eat the flesh of swine on the 30th of Ab, he will be plagued with boils.
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Ababdeh
ABABDE, or ABABIDEK, a people of eastern A Africa, scattered throughout Nubia, and between the borders of the valley of the Nile and the Red Sea, but located chiefly from latitude 23° to the western border of Lower Egypt.
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Abaco
GREAT and LITTLE, two islands of the Bahamas, West Indies. Combined area about 879 square miles. Pop. about 5,000.
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Abacus
in architecture, a constituent part of the capital of a column, which supports the horizontal entablement. In arithmetic, the name of an instrument employed to teach the elementary principles of the science of numbers. The Chinese abacus is also an instrument for facilitating arithmetical calculations. It consists of several series of beads or counters strung upon brass wires stretched from the top to the bottom of an instrument, and divided in the middle by a cross-piece from side to side. In the upper compartment every wire has two beads, each of which counts five; in the lower space every wire has five beads of different values; the first being counted as one, the second as 10, the third as 100, and so on.
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Abaddon
(The Destroyer). Chief of the demons of the seventh hierarchy. Abaddon is the name given by St. John in the Apocalypse to the king of the grasshoppers. He is sometimes regarded as the destroying angel.
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Abadie (Jeannette)
A young sorceress of the village of Sibourre, in Gascony. She was sleeping one day in her father's house while high mass was being said. A demon, profiting by the opportunity, carried her off to the Devil 's Sabbath, where she soon awoke to find herself in the midst of a large company. She observed that the principal demon had on his head two faces, like Janus. She did not participate in the revelry, and was transported to her home by the same means as she had been conveyed thence. the threshold she found her amulet, which the demon had taken the precaution to remove from her bosom before carrying her off. She made a confession of all that had happened, renounced her sorcery, and thus saved herself from the common fate of witches and sorcerers-the stake. On
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Abakansk
a range of mountains in the government of Tomsk, in Siberia, extending from the river Tom to the Yenisei, parallel to the Altai mountains. Also the name of a fortified town of Siberia, in the government of Tomsk, on the river Abakan. This is considered the mildest and most salubrious place in Siberia.
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