Aube
a N. E. French department; area, 2,326 square miles; pop about 240,000. The surface is undulating, and watered by the Aube, etc. The N. and N. W. districts are bleak and infertile, the S. districts remarkably fertile. A large extent of ground is under forests and vineyards, and the soil is admirable for grain, pulse, and hemp. The chief manufactures are worsted and hosiery. Troyes is the capital. The river Aube, which gives name to the department, rises in Haute-Marne, flows N. W., and, after a course of 113 miles, joins the Seine. Capital, Troyes.
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Auber
DANIEL FRANCOIS ES- PRIT (ō-bā'), a French operatic composer, born Jan. 29, 1782, at Caen, in Normandy; studied under Cherubini. His first great success was his opera "La Bergère Châtelaine," produced in 1820. In 1822 he had associated himself with Scribe as librettist, and other operas followed. Chief among them were "Masaniello; or La Muette de Portici" (1828); "Fra Diavolo" (1830); "Lestocq" ود (1834); "L'Ambassadrice" (1836); "Le Domino Noir" (1837); "Les Diamants de la Couronne" (1841); "Marco Spada" (1853); "La Fiancée du Roi de Garbe" (1864). Despite his success in "Masaniello" his peculiar field was comic opera. He died in Paris, May 13, 1871.
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Auburn
New York , the county seat of Cayuga County. It is a well built, prosperous city of 30,000 people, engaged largely in manufacturing. A fine waterfall furnishes power and a state prison part of the labor. It is the seat of Auburn Theological Seminary, an institution of high rank, founded by the Presbyterian denomination. A statue honors the name of William H. Seward, a native of this place. In the nineteenth century discussion of prison management, the system in vogue in the Auburn penitentiary was frequently quoted as a type of the congregate as opposed to the solitary method of confinement. 2026 Editor's Note: Auburn's prison gave its name to a whole model of American incarceration — and a grim first: the electric chair was used for the first time here in 1890. The town has a nobler claim too: Harriet Tubman made her home in Auburn after her Underground Railroad years, and is buried there. (Ed: BR 2026-07-18)
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Auburn
the scene of Goldsmith's Deserted Village. "Sweet Auburn, loveliest village of the plain," is understood to be the village of Lissoy in the central part of Ireland. Nearly every state in the Union has an Auburn. The largest of these is Auburn, New York .
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Auburn (City and county-seat of Cayuga)
city and county-seat of Cayuga co., N. Y.; on the outlet of Owasco Lake and the New York Central and Hudson River and the Lehigh Valley railroads; 174 miles W. of Albany. The city is an important industrial center, its principal manufactures being reapers, mowers, binders, threshing machines and other agricultural implements, carpets, cotton, woolen and iron provide goods, and shoes, for which the lakes ovide excellent power. It is the seat of the Auburn Theological Seminary (Presb. ), founded in 1821; a large State prison, a prison for women, and a State armory. There are also about 25 churches, an Academic High School, Academy of Music, 2 National banks, hospital, orphan' asylum, several public libraries
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Auburn (City and county-seat)
city and county-seat of Androscoggin co., Me.; on the Androscoggin river and the Maine Central and Grand Trunk railroads, 30 miles S. W. of Augusta. The river, which separates Auburn from the city of Lewiston, has a fall of 60 feet near the cities, giving them excellent power for manufacturing. Auburn is principally engaged in the manufacture of shoes, though it is doing considerable in the lines of cotton goods, furnitu furniture, and tanned leather. It is lighted by electricity, and has 1 National bank, a high school, and public library. Pop. (1910) 15,064 ; (1920) 16,985.
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Auch
an ancient town of France; capital of the department of Gers; on the Gers river; 43 miles S. of Agen. In the time of Cæsar's invasion it was the capital of the Ausci or Auscii. It contains an archbishop's palace, a Gothic cathedral, public library, royal college, museum of natural science and a town hall. It is also noted for its manufactures of cotton stuffs, leather, linen, etc. Pop. about 14,000.
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Auchenia
a genus of mammalia of the order ruminantia and the family camelidæ. It includes the llamas, which are the American representatives of the camels so well known in the Eastern world. They have no dorsal humps, and their toes are completely divided. There are about four species of auchenia: the A. guanaco, or guanaco; the A. glama, or llama; the A. paco , the paco or alpaca; and the A. vicunia, or vicuna.
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Auchterarder
a town in Perthshire, Scotland, with manufactures of tweeds, tartans, etc. The opposition to the presentee to the church of Auch terader (1839) originated the struggle which ended in the formation of the Free Church of Scotland. are 25,746 square miles; the surface is very diversified; volcanic phenomena common, including geysers , hot lakes, etc.; rivers are numerous; wool, timber, kauri-gum, etc., are exported. ex Much gold has been obtained in the Thames Valley and elsewhere. AUCKLAND, WILLIAM EDEN, LORD, an English statesman, born April 3, 1744; educated at Eton and Oxford; called to the bar, 1768; Under- Secretary of State 1772, and in 1776. Lord of Trade. In 1778 he was nominated, in conjunction with Lord Howe and others, to act as mediator between Great Britain and the insurgent American colonies. He was afterward Secretary of State for Ireland, Ambassador Extraordinary to France, Ambassador Extraordinary to the Netherlands. He was raised to the peerage in 1788, and died May 28, 1814.
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Auckland
a town in New Zealand, in the North Island, founded in 1840, and situated on Waitemata harbor, one of the finest harbors of New Zealand, where the island is only 6 miles across, there being another harbor (Manukau) on the opposite side of the isthmus. It is about 1,300 miles from Sydney, 1,650 miles from Melbourne , and 5,440 miles from San Francisco. The harbor has two good entrances, with lighthouse; and is defended by batteries. There are numerous wharves and jetties, and a couple of graving docks, one of which the Caldock, opened in 1887-is one of the largest in the whole of the Southern Seas. Its site is picturesque, the streets are spacious and the public buildings, including a university college, are numerous and handsome. It has a large and increasing trade. It was formerly the capital of the colony. Pop., including suburbs, about 125,000. The provincial and daily and weekly kly newspapers. district of Auckland forms the northern Among its public attractions is a statue of the late William H. Seward, who lived part of North Island, with an area of here. Pop. (1910) 34,668; (1920) 36,192. AUBURN THEOLOGICAL SEMI- NARY, a Presbyterian institution in Auburn, N. Y.; organized in 1820; at the close of 1919 had 13 professors and instructors; 45 students; number of graduates, 1,616; president, Rev. G. B. Stewart, D. D.
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