Allat
Wife of Allah, and joint ruler with him over the Chaldean Hell . M. Maspero describes her as the lady of the great country where all go after death who have breathed here below," and as their terrible judge.
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Alleghany Mountains
. See Appalachians
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Alleghenies
a synonymous with the APPALACHIAN MOUNTAINS (q. v.), sometimes applied only to that portion of the system which extends from Pennsylvania to North Carolina, and which forms the watershed between the Atlantic and the Mississippi. The ridges, 2,000 to 2,400 feet high, are remarkable for their parallelism and regularity, all the main valleys being longitudinal. They are rich in coal, iron, and limestone, and their forests supply valuable timber.
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Allegheny College
a coeducational (Methodist Episcopal) institution in Meadville, Pa.; organized in 1815; reported at the end of 1919: Professors, 26; students, 601; president, William H. Crawford, D. D.
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Allegheny River
a river of Pennsylvania and New York; a head- 1 stream of the Ohio. It rises in Potter county, Pa., and joins the Monongahela at Pittsburgh. Among its tributaries are French creek, Clarion, and Conemaugh rivers. Its Its length is about 400 miles, and it is navigable for about 150 miles above Pittsburgh.
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Allegory
a figurative presentation of a subject, which carries with it another meaning besides the literal one. It is as often used in painting, sculpture, and other imitative arts as in language, although it is usually considered rhetorical. Like the fable and the par parable, it has an underlying moral. It is metaphor extended to the minutest details, as in "Pilgrim's Progress."
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Allen, Ethan
Ethan (1737-1789), an American patriot. He was born at Litchfield, Connecticut, January 10, 1737. In 1769 he removed to Vermont, where he became the leader of the Green Mountain Boys. May 10, 1775, he led a force of eighty-three men, among whom was Benedict Arnold, against the British forces at Ticonderoga, where, the story runs, he burst into the quarters of the astonished commander, summoning him to surrender in the name of the great Jehovah and the Continental Congress. This capture gave the Continental armies a valuable supply of artillery, muskets, and ammunition. In September of the same year Allen led an attack on Montreal, but was captured, sent to England, and treated, it is said, with cruelty. He was held as a prisoner until 1788. New York claimed Vermont as a part of its territory. General Allen was foremost in stoutly maintaining its independence. New York at one time declared him an outlaw and offered a reward of $750 for his capture. He was an active, rash, great-hearted man. During his later years he wrote several pamphlets, including a narrative of his captivity in England, a defense of the claims of Vermont, and his views on religious matters. He died of apoplexy near Burlington, Vermont, February 13, 1789. His remains rest beneath a handsome monument in Greenmount cemetery near that city.
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Allen, James Lane
James Lane (1849-), an American novelist. He was born and reared near Lexington, Kentucky, and has given most of his stories a Kentucky background. He employs a finished, rather elaborate style. His best known writings are: The Choir Invisible, Aftermath, and A Kentucky Cardinal.
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Allenstein
a city in the district of Allenstein, province of East Prussia, on the river Alle; founded in 1353; has iron foundries, machine 1 works, match factory, breweries, trade and agricultural schools, cattle, and horse markets, and an insane asylum; trade in linen, hops, and wood. On Feb. 4, 1807, Soult defeated the rear guard of the Russian and Prussian army near the bridge over the Alle, between Allenstein and Gutstadt. Pop. about 35,000. The city was the center of important military operations. It was captured in the Russian advance in August, 1914, but was soon retaken by the Germans. Near by occurred the famous battle of Tannenberg, in the last week of August, 1914. See WORLD WAR.
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Allentown
city and county-seat of Lehigh co., Pa.; on the Lehigh river and canal and several railroads; 60 miles N. of Philadelphia. It is built on high ground and is surrounded by a beautiful and fertile country. The city is noted for its manufactories, which include blast furnaces, iron and steel rolling mills, wire works, hosiery and thread factories, silk works, and furniture and shoe factories. Allentown is the seat of Muhlenberg College (Lutheran). It has gas and electric light plants, several National banks, and daily, weekly, and monthly periodicals. Pop. (1910) 51,913; (1920) 73,502.
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Allia
A small river flowing into the Tiber about six miles from Rome. It is memorable by the defeat of the Romans by the Gauls on its banks, July 16, B. C. 390. Hence the dies Alliensis was an unlucky day in the Roman calendar.
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Allibone
SAMUEL AUSTIN, an American bibliographer, born at Philadelphia, April 17, 1816. He was at one time librarian of the Lenox Library, New York. He was the author of a "Dictionary of English Literature, and British and American Authors"; "Poetical Quotations," "Prose Quotations," etc. It took 20 years to write the Dictionary. He died at Lucerne, Switzerland, Sept. 2, 1889.
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Allingham
WILLIAM, an Irish poet, born at Ballyshannon, March 19, 1828. Having for some years been an officer in the customs, he became assist ant editor of "Fraser's Magazine," in 1872, and succeeded Froude as editor in 1874, when he also married Helen Pater- ALLIGATOR son, the illustrator and water color artist. Prominent among his works is Bloomfield in Ireland" "Lawrence (1864), a narrative poem on contemporary Irish life. He died near London, Nov. 18, 1889.
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Allison
WILLIAM BOYD, an American legislator, born in Perry, O., March 2, 1829; was brought up on a farm; and subsequently educated at Allegheny College, Pa., and Western Reserve College, O. He practiced law and in the early part of the Civil War served on the governor's staff. In 1863-1871 he was a representative in Congress; and on March 4, 1873, entered the United States Senate as a Republican, to which he was re-elected in 1878, 1884, 1890, and 1896. He was a delegate to the Republican National Convention in Chicago, in 1860. In the session of the Senate, beginning Dec. 4, 1899, he was Chairman of the Committee on Appropriations and a member of that on Finance. He died Aug. 4, 1908.
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