Allobroges
in ancient history, a warlike people of Gaul, who inhabited the territory between the Rhone and the Isère, extending to Lake Geneva. They appear in the annals of Hannibal's expedition to Gaul (218 b. c.).
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Allodium
or ALLODIAL TENURE, the absolute ownership of landed property unburdened by any rent or service due a superior. In most European countries where feudal tenure arose, it grew up by individual surrender of allodial tenure; consequently allodial tenure continued in some measure to exist along with the other. In the United States and in the British colonies the land tenure is allodial.
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Allopathy
a system of medicinethat ordinarily practiced the object of which is to produce in the bodily frame another condition of things than that in or from which the disease has originated. If this can be done the disease, it is inferred, will cease. Allopathy is opposed to homœopathy, which aims at curing diseases by producing in antagonism to them symptoms similar to those which they produce; the homœopathic doctrine being that "like is cured by like."
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Allophylian
in ethnology, a term introduced by Pritchard to charof acterize the nations or races Europe and Asia not belonging to the Indo-European, the Syro-Arabian, or the Egyptian races. It has been generally superseded by Turanian.
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Allotropy & Army
Allotropy the property possessed by several elements of appearing in a number of different forms. An example ALTERNATION OF GENERATIONS 56 is carbon, which appears pure in diamonds and also in graphite. Army U. S. (See UNITED STATES, 1922-23).
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Allowance
A foundry phrase, of general application. For example: some portion of a mould or core is scraped or filed away to prevent actual contact of two friable surfaces when closing a mould is called allowance, or clearance. A small proportion of zinc, over and above the recognized formula, to compensate for what is lost by volatilization during the process of mixing, is allowance. In fact, anything performed with the view of minimizing the possibilities of destroying the result of his labor, is recognized by the moulder as making allowance for such contingencies.
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Alloway
Burns' birthplace, and the scene of his "Tam o' Shanter," lies on the right bank of the "bonny Doon" miles S. of the town of Ayr. The "auld clay biggin," in which the poet was born on Jan. 25, 1759, was in 1880 converted into a Burns Museum. The "haunted kirk" still stands, a roofless ruin, near the "auld brig"; and close by is the Burns monument (1820).
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Alloway Kirk
a deserted church about two miles from Ayr. It is celebrated in Burns' Tam O'Shanter, as the place where Auld Nick fiddled while the witches danced until disturbed by the "Weel done, Cuttysark," of drunken Tam. It is a stone building, still standing, in much neglect, however, about half a mile from the birth-place of Burns. In the churchyard nearby people of various degrees lie buried. The poet's father, mother, and sister lie here. The stone above the father's grave bears the following lines written by the son: O ye whose cheek the tear of pity stains, Draw near with pious reverence and attend; Here lie the loving husband's dear remains, The tender father and the generous friend,-- The pitying heart that felt for human woe,-- The dauntless breast that feared no human pride; The friend of man--to vice alone a foe; For e'en his failings leant to virtue's side. See Burns ; Ayr 2026 Editor's Note: The poem set at this ruined kirk gave the world an unlikely legacy: ' Cutty Sark ,' the name Tam shouts at the young witch in her short shift, was borrowed for the famous tea clipper (now preserved at Greenwich) and the whisky brand. Burns's birthday is still toasted worldwide each January. (Ed: BR 2026-06-30)
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Alloys Resembling Silver
The following alloys have a close resemblance to silver: Minargent is composed of 100 parts copper; 70 nickel; 1 aluminium and 5 of tungstate of iron. Trabak metal is composed of tin 87.5, nickel 5.5, antimony 5 and bismuth 2. Warne metal is composed of tin 10, bismuth 7, nickel 7 and cobalt 3.
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Allston
WASHINGTON, an eminent American painter, poet, and romancer, born at Waccamaw, S. C., Nov. 5, 1779; graduated at Harvard in 1800; studied at the Royal Academy, London, and in Rome, and returned to Boston in 1809. He is the author of "The Sylph of the Seasons, and Other Poems" (1813); "Monaldi," a romance (1841), Art and and "Lectures on (1850). He died in Cambridge, Mass., July 9, 1843.
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Alma (City of Michigan in Gratiot co)
a city of Michigan in Gratiot co. It is 90 miles N. E. of Grand Rapids, and is on the Père Marquette and Ann Arbor railroads, and on the Pine river. It has important manufactures of automobiles, gas engines, furnaces, flour, and lumber products. It is the center of a fertile agricultural region. It produces of beet sugar. The large quantities citylac is the seat of ALMA COLLEGE (q. v.) and has excellent schools and a Masonic Home. Pop. (1910) 2,757; (1920) 7,542.
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Alma (River in the Crimea rising)
a river in the Crimea, rising at the foot of the Tchadir Dagh, and flowing westward into the Bay of Kalamita, about halfway between Eupatoria and Sebastopol. On the steep banks of the stream, through the channel of which the British troops waded amid a shower of bullets, a brilliant victory was on Sept. 20, 1854, by the allied armies of England and France, under Lord Raglan and Marshal St. Arnaud, over the Russian army commanded by Prince Menschikoff. It was the first battle of the Crimean War.
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Alma-Tadema
LAURENCE, a distinguished figure painter, born in Friesland, Jan. 8, 1836; elected to the Royal Academy, London, in 1879; officer of the Legion of Honor, 1878; and member of the leading academies of Europe; studio in London. His paintings show a fondan subjects, and ness for Greek and Roman have won many honors for him. Among the best known are "Roman Dance, "Bacchante," "In the Terpidarium," "Antony and Cleopatra," and "An Audience at Agrippa's." He died in 1912. ALMA-TADEMA, LAURENCE (Miss), an English writer, the daughter of Sir Laurence Alma-Tadema, Her popular writings include "Love's Martyr," "The Wings of Icarus," "The Fate of Spinner," "Tales from Our Garden." She made a reading tour of the United States in 1907-1908.
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