These 9 listings are so strange that each appears in only one of the 7 encyclopedias we compared. They include such classics as Arcesilaus, Archangel, Archangel.
The great secret which was supposed to lie behind all alchemical and magical striving. God Aristœus and Nature," says Eliphas Levi (q.v.), " alike, have closed the Sanctuary of Transcendent Science. so that the revelation of the great magical secret is happily impossible." Elsewhere he states that it makes the magician "master of gold and light."
Only in An Encyclopaedia of Occultism
a Greek philosopher, founder of the New Academy, was born at Pitane in Æolia, Asia Minor, 316 b. c. He ultimately became the head of the academic school or those who held the doctrines of Plato; but he introduced so many innovations that its philosophic character was completely changed in the direction of scepticism. His great rivals were the Stoics. He denied the Stoical doctrine of knowledge, which he affirmed to be, from its very nature, unintelligible and contradictory. He also denied the existence of any sufficient criterion of truth, such as the "irresistible conviction" of the Stoics, and recommended abstinence from all dogmatic judgments. He died in 241 B. C.
Only in Collier's New Encyclopedia
an ancient seaport on the Arctic coast of Russia. Latitude 64 degree 32' N., longitude 40 degree 33' E. Archangel is situated on the east bank of the Dwina, twenty miles from the White Sea. It is connected with Moscow by railway, and is noted, not only as the most northerly railroad terminus in Russia, but as the most ancient, and for several centuries the only, seaport of that country. From western Europe it is approached only by a long voyage around the north of Norway and Finland, a trip three or four times as long as that to Iceland. During the winter season the port is sealed for eight months by arctic ice. During a short summer, ships are loaded with tar, timber, fish oil, tallow, flax, hemp, and oats, in exchange for groceries, tools, and clothing. Large saw-mills have sprung up in the vicinity. Population, 21,930. See Hammerfest ; Arctic Regions ; Spitzbergen 2026 Editor's Note: Archangel (Arkhangelsk) earned its place in history a generation later: it was a main destination of the perilous Arctic convoys of the Second World War, which ran the gauntlet of U-boats and ice to carry Allied supplies to the Soviet Union. It had also been the target of an Allied intervention against the Bolsheviks in 1918-19. (Ed: BR 2026-06-12)
Only in Aiton's Encyclopedia
or ST. MICHAEL, capital of the province of the same name, and the principal city and seaport of northern Russia, lies on the Dwina, about 34 miles from its fall into the White Sea. During the European War (1914-1918) it became the chief port of Russia. There is a government dockyard, and numerous private shipbuilding The entrance to the ing concerns. Dwina, on which Archangel was subse quently built, was discovered by Richard Chancellour, an Englishman, in 1554. Pop. about 36,000. An American force was landed in this city in the latter part of 1918, in conjunction with British, Japanese, and French forces. They were maintained there for many months for the ostensible purpose of guarding supplies which had been placed there for the former Russian Government. Important military operations were carried on around Archangel in the early months of 1919. The Bolshevist forces attacked the city, and the Russian troops under Admiral Kolchak were obliged to withdraw. American forces took no active part in these operations and they were withdrawn in June, 1919. For an account of the military operations in and around Archangel, see RUSSIA.
Only in Collier's New Encyclopedia
a Russia in Europe, occupying the entire country from the Ural Mountains on the to Finland on the W., and from the Vologda and Olonetz on the S. to the Arctic Ocean and White Sea on the N. Nova Zembla, and some large islands of the Arctic Sea are also included within it; area 331,640 square miles. The largest part of this great territory is bleak, sandy, and perpetually sterile. The principal source of wealth lies in the forests, which are almost inexhaustible. Hunting and fishing are the principal occupations of the inhabitants. The reindeer, among the Laps in the N. W., and the Samoyedes in the N. E., is domesthe are hay, ticated. Chief productions hemp, cordage, mats, tallow, tar, turpentine, potash, etc. The natives, though of Finnish ish origin, have now become essentially Russian. The Samoyedes, who are in the lowest scale of civilization, and spread over a vast tract of country, do not exceed in number 7,000; the Laps, not more than 2,000. The chief towns are Archangel, the capital, Onega, and Dwina. Pop. about 510,000.
Only in Collier's New Encyclopedia
a borough in Pennsylvania, in Lackawanna co., on the Delaware and Hudson and on the New York, Ontario, and Western railroads. It is about 10 miles N. E. of Scranton, in the midst of a coal-mining region and there are other industries, including silk mills. Pop. (1910) 7,194; (1920) 8,603.
Only in Collier's New Encyclopedia
JOHN DUSTIN, an American capitalist, born in Leesburg, O., in 1848. His boyhood and youth was spent in mercantile employment. removed with his family to Titusville, Pa., where he became identified with an oil company which largely through his efforts became one of the chief rivals of the South Improvement Company, which later developed into the Standard Oil Company. John D. Rockefeller, becoming impressed with Archbold's ability, secured his services. From that time until his death he was active in the Standard Oil Co., rising to be its head. He was one of the trustees of Syracuse University and gave large sums to that institution during his life. At his death he bequeathed to it $500,000. He died December 16, 1916, leaving a fortune of over $25,000,000.
Only in Collier's New Encyclopedia
an ecclesiastical dignitary next in rank below a bishop, who has jurisdiction either over a part of or over the whole diocese. He is usually appointed by the bishop, under whom he performs various duties duties and he holds a court which decides cases subject to an appeal to the bishop.
Only in Collier's New Encyclopedia
a duke whose authority and power is superior to that of other dukes. In France, in the reign of Dagobert, there was an Archduke of Austrasia; and at a later period, the provinces of Brabant and Lorraine were termed archduchies. The Dukes of Austria assumed the title of archduke in 1156; but the dignity was not confirmed till 1453. The last to assume the title were the princes of the former imperial House of Austria.
Only in Collier's New Encyclopedia