Bodoni
GIAMBATTISTA, an Italian printer, born at Saluzzo in 1740. In 1758 he went to Rome, and was employed in the printing office of the Propaganda. He was afterward at the head of the ducal printing house in Parma, where he produced works of great beauty. His editions of Greek, Latin, and French classics are highly prized. He died at Parma in 1813. BÖDTCHER, LUDWIG (bet'che), a Danish lyrist, born in Copenhagen, in 1793; spent many years in Italy, and nature and man in Italy equally with nature and man in Denmark are the themes of his finest poems-notably "Bacchus," and the collection called "Poems Old and New." He died in 1874.
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Body
the material framework of man or of any of the inferior animals, including the bones, the several organs, the skin, with hair, nails, and other appendages. The following is a list of the quantities of the various elements found in a human body weighing 154 pounds: lbs. OZ. grs. Oxygen.. 111 0 0 Hydrogen 15 0 0 Carbon.. 20 0 0 Nitrogen. 0 3 9 Phosphorus. 199 1 12 217 Sulphur. 0 2 Calcium. 0 2 0 0 Fluorine 0 2 2 382 Chlorine. 0 Sodium. 2 116 0 0 100 0 Iron.... 0 290 0 Potassium. 00 Magnesium. 12 0 0 2 Silicon. The organic, non-metallic, and metallic elements are not found in the body in their pure state, but are mixed together, forming the following compounds, the aggregate of which, as in the preceding table, amounts to 154 pounds: lbs. 02. 111 0 Water. 15 0 Gelatine. Fat Albumen Fibrine. 5 13 Phosphate of lime. 0 1 0 Carbonate of lime. o 0 3 Fluoride of calcium. 3 376 0 Chloride of sodium.. 0 0 10 Chloride of potassium. 170 0 1 Sulphate of soda. 72 0 1 Carbonate of soda.. 0 400 0 Phosphate of soda.. 0 400 0 Sulphate of potash 0 150 0 Peroxide of iron.. 0 105 0 Phosphate of potash. 75 Phosphate of magnesia 00 3 0 0 Silicon..
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Boece
or BOYCE (bois), HECTOR, in Dundee a Scottish historian, born about 1465. He studied first at Dundee, University of Paris, and then at the Philosophy where he became Professor of in the College of Montaigu, and made the acquaintance of Erasmus. About 1500 he quitted ed Paris to assume the principalship Lea of the newly founded university of King's College, Aberdeen. In 1527 appeared the "History of Scotland" in Latin, on which his fame chiefly rests. In 1536 a translation of his history was published, made by John Ballentyne or Bellenden, for James V. He died in 1536.
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Boehme
JAKOB (be'me), a German mystical writer, born in 1575. He was apprenticed to a shoemaker in his 14th year; and 10 years later he was settled at Görlitz as a master tradesman, and married a butcher's daughter of the town. He was much persecuted by the religious authorities, and at his death the rites of the Church were but grudgingly administered to him. He imagined himself favored by divine inspiration. His first work appeared in 1616, and was called "Aurora." It contains his revelations on God, man, and nature. Among his other works are "De tribus Principiis," "De Signatura Rerum," "Mysterium Magnum," etc. His writings all aim at religious edification, but his philosophy is very obscure and often fantastic. A sect, taking their name from Boehme, was formed in England. He died in 1624.
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Boeotia
A district of Greece, bounded north by Opuntian Locris, east by the Euboean Sea, south by Attica , Megaris, and the Corinthian Gulf, and west by Phocis.
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Boerhaave
HERMANN (ber-hä've), a Dutch physician, born near Leyden, in 1668. He was educated at the University of Leyden for the Church, but at 22 studied medicine. In 1709 he was appointed Professor of Medicine and Botany. Practical Medicine and Chemistry were afterward assigned to him, and he filled them with the greatest distinction. He became Rector of the University, and was admitted to the French Academy of Sciences, and, in 1730, to the Royal Society of London. He enjoyed a reputation almost unparalleled; his system was generally adopted, and patients went, or wrote, to him from all parts of Europe. His fame rests principally on his "Institutiones Medice," published in 1708, translated into all European languages; and "Aphorismi de Cognoscendis et Curandis Morbis." He died in 1738. Dutch word meaning
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Boethius
A Roman statesman and author, born about A. D. 470, was famous for his general learning, and especially for his knowledge of Greek philosophy. He was first highly favored by Theodosius the Great; but having awakened his suspicion, he was thrown into prison by him, and afterwards put to death. It was during his imprisonment that he wrote his celebrated work, De Consolatione Philosophiae, which has come down to us.
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Bog Butter
a fatty, spermacetilike mineral resin found in masses in peat bogs, composed of carbon, oxygen, and hydrogen.
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Bog Iron Ore
or BOG ORE, a variety of limonite. It occurs in a loose and porous state in marshy places, often inclosing wood, leaves, nuts, etc., in a semi-fossilized state; also a variety of limnite.
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Bog Pimpernel
a pimpernel, anagallis tenella. It is found in bogs, and not like its congener, the scarlet pimpernel (A. arvensis), in cornfields. It is a small creeping plant with rose colored flowers.
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Bog Rush
an English book name for schænus, a genus of the order cyperaceӕ (sedges). As now limited it contains only the black bog rush, a plant found on wet moors, and recognizable on account of its dark brown, nay, almost black, heads of flowers. It is also the name of a species of warbler about the size of a wren.
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Bog Spavin
an encysted tumor filled with gelatinous matter inside the hock of a horse.
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Bogardus
EVERARDUS, a minister of the Dutch Reformed Church in New Amsterdam, now New York; husband of Anneke Jans. The latter owned a farm of 60 acres, comprising now one of the most valuable sections of New York City. The Bogardus heirs have for many years endeavored, unsuccessfully, to recover this property, which is held by the corporation of Trinity Church. He died Sept. 27, 1647.
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