Brattleboro
a town in Windham co., Vt.; on the Connecticut river, and the Boston and Maine and the Central Vermont railroads; 11 miles S. E. of Newfane, the county-seat. It is in a picturesque farming region; is the trade center of southeast Vermont; and contains the State Asylum for the Insane, Brooks Public Library, and manufactories of organs, carriages, furniture, and machinery. Brattleboro is the center of the maple sugar industry of Vermont, and has National banks and several weekly and monthly periodicals. Pop. (1910) 6,517; (1920) 7,324.
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Bravi
the name formerly given in Italy, and particularly in Venice, to those who were ready to hire themselves out to perform any desperate undertaking. The word had the same signification in Spain, and both 1917 the word and the persons designated by it were found in France in the reign of Louis XIII. and during the minority of Louis XIV.
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Bravura
an air requiring great skill and spirit in its execution, each syllable being divided into several notes. It is distinguished from a simple melody by the introduction of florid passages, a style of both music and execucountry. tion designed to task the abilities of the artist.
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Braxy
a disease in sheep. This term is frequently applied to totally different disorders, but the true braxy is undoubtedly an intestinal affection, attended with diarrhea and retention of the urine. Young sheep are apt to gorge themselves with grass, turnips, etc.; this produces a kind of colic, which usually ends in death. Again, when a lean flock of sheep is placed suddenly on rich food, or on coarse pasture of an indigestible nature, the results may prove fatal die In both cases the sheep are said to of braxy.
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Bray
a small English parish, near Maidenhead, Berkshire, of which Simon Aleyn was vicar from 1540 to 1588, during the reigns of Henry VIII., Edward VI., Mary, and Elizabeth. He kept his vicarage by changing his faith according to that of the State for the time being, becoming Protestant with a Henry, Catholic again in the reign of Mary, and Protestant again on the accession of Elizabeth. His principle was to live and die Vicar of Bray, and to it he adhered.
an Irish seaside town, partly and Francisco the Dublin county, but chiefly in Wick-three In low, 13 miles S. E. of Dublin by rail. which The beauty it from a small of its fishing situation village has raised to a Uruguayan watering-place, popularly known as the Irish Brighton.
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Brazen Age, The
The, in Greek mythology, the third age according to Hesiod's account. It was an age of war, violence, and bloodshed. See Hesiod
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Brazil Cabbage
or CARAIBE, names somewhat vaguely applied to various species of caladium and , which colocasia (natural order, craceæ) yield edible tubers, and are largely cultivated in the tropics.
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Brazil Nuts
the seeds of a Brazilian tree-the bertholletia excelsa. It belongs to the order lecythidaceæ. The C B BRAZIL NUT C. A single nut. A. Leaf. B. Fruit with half the D. Cross cut of nut. pericarp removed. nuts or seeds are largely exported from Para, whence they are sometimes called Para nuts. They are edible, besides 8 which they yield on pressure an oil used by watchmakers and artists.
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Brazil Tea
a tree the mate (ilex paraguayensis), the leaves of which are used in South America as a substitute for Chinese or India tea.
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Brazil Wood
a kind of wood used for dyeing, and extensively imported from the West Indies, Brazil, and other tropical countries. The best qualities of it are said to be produced by cæsalpinia echinata. Other kinds are derived from the C. brasiliensis and C. crista. The former has timber which is elastic, tough and durable, and which takes a fine polish. It is of a fine orange color, full of resin, and yields by infusion a fine, full tincture.
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Braziletto
an English name of cæsalpinia, a genus of leguminous plants constituting the typical one of the sub- 2. The narrow leaved order cæsalp braziletto, C. sappan, furnishes the sappan-wood used in dyeing red. C. sepiaria, the Mysore thorn, is so spinous that it constitutes an impenetrable fence. Hyder Ali planted it around fortified places. It is a scandent shrub. There are other species from the East or West Indies or South America.
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Brazilian Grass
an incorrect popular name applied to a substance used in the manufacture of a very cheap kind of hats, known as Brazilian grass hats, and also as chip hats. It consists of strips of the leaves of a palm, chamærops argentea, which are imported into Great Britain for this manufacture, and chiefly from Cuba.
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Brazos
a large river of the United States, in Texas, rising in the N. W. part of the State, and flowing into the Gulf of Mexico, after a course of 900 miles, 40 miles W. S. W. of Galveston. During the rainy season, from February to May inclusive, it is navigable by steamboats for about 300 miles.
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Brazza
an island in the Adriatic, part of Dalmatia, 24 miles long and from 5 to 7 broad, mountainous and well wooded. It produces good wines and oil, almonds, silk, etc. Pop. about 23,000.
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Breach
the aperture or passage made in the wall of any fortified place by the ordnance of the besiegers for the purpose of entering the fortress. Breaching batteries, are batteries of heavy guns intended to make a breach.
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Bread Fruit
the fruit of the tree described below. It is about the size and shape of a child's head. The surface is reticulated; the skin is thick, the eatable part lying between it and the BREAD FRUIT core. The latter is snow white, and about the same consistence as new bread. It is first divided into three or four parts, and then roasted, or it may be taken boiled, or fried in palm oil. It is extensively used in the South Sea Islands and elsewhere.
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Bread Fruit Tree
the English name of artocarpus incisa, a tree of the order artocarpaceæ. It has pinnatifid leaves with sinuations, while the allied jackfruit, artocarpus integrifolia, as its name imports, has them, as a rule, entire. For the fruit of the bread tree see above. The wood is useful; the inner bark may be made into cloth; the male catkins serve for tinder, and the juice for birdlime, or as a cement for broken crockery. The tree grows in the South Sea Islands and in the East Indies. From the former place it was introduced into the West Indies, in 1793, and thence to South America.
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