Bride
ST. that class of stock brick, in which the process of manufacture has been to largely reduce the bulk of the plastic burning, giving to the completed brick a smooth surface and great density of body. Pecking, place, sandal, semel brick, are local terms applied to imperfectly burned or refuse brick. Bricks vitrified by excessive heat are termed burr bricks or burrs. Bricks were manufactured at a remote period of antiquity by the Egyptians, the Babylonians, the Assyrians, and some of them, being inscribed with written characters, have been of priceless value in conveying historic facts to the present age. About A. D. 44, bricks were made in England by the Romans, and in A. D. 886 by the Anglo-Saxons under King Alfred. Under Henry VIII. and Queen Elizabeth the manufacture greatly flourished. The size was regulated by Charles I. in 1625. The following table gives the value of the brick output in the United States in 1918: Common brick $37,208,000 Enameled brick Vitrified paving brick Ornamental brick Front brick Fire brick
ST. See BRIDGET.
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Bride of Lammermoor, The
The, a romance by Sir Walter Scott, published in 1819. The story belongs in the third series of Tales of My Landlord. It is a tragic tale, laid in Scotland in the days of William and Mary. The "Bride," Lucy Ashton, is forced by her mother and friends into a marriage with Bucklaw, while loving and betrothed to Ravenswood. On the night of the wedding Bucklaw was found severely wounded in the bridal chamber. Lucy died shortly after in convulsions. At Lucy's funeral, Ravenswood accepted a challenge from her brother. Riding to the place appointed for the duel, the unhappy Ravenswood disappears, evidently drawn by the quicksands into the "Kelpie's Flow." Thus was fulfilled the old prophesy: When the last Laird of Ravenswood to Ravenswood shall ride, And woo a dead maiden to be his bride, He shall stable his steed in the Kelpie's flow, And his name shall be lost forevermoe. The Bride of Lammermoor, which almost goes back to Aeschylus for a counterpart as a painting of Fate, leaves on every reader the impression of the highest and purest tragedy.--Emerson.
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Bride of the Sea
a poetical name given to the city of Venice. The name had its origin in the ancient custom of "wedding the Adriatic Sea." This ceremony was performed annually. The doge would throw a ring into the sea, uttering the words, "We wed thee, O sea, in sign of a true and perpetual dominion." See Venice
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Bridges
ROBERT, English poetlaureate; born Oct. 23, 1844. He was to music, notably Gladstone's Latin ver- educated at Eton and Oxford and became a physician, retiring from the active practice of his profession in 1882. He wrote many poems of considerable poetic merit, though he cannot be classed among the masters of English verse. He was made poet-laureate, succeeding Alfred Austin in that post in 1913. Among his best poems are "Eros and Psyche" and "Achilles in Scyros." A complete edition of his works was published in 1913.
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Bridget
the name of two saints in the Roman Catholic Church. The first, better known as St. Bride, was born in Ireland about the end of the 5th century. She was exceedingly beautiful, and to avoid offers of marriage and other temptations, implored God to render her ugly, which prayer was granted. An order of nuns of St. Bride was established, which continued to flourish for centuries. St. Bride was held in great reverence in Scotland. The second St. Bridget, or more properly Birgit or Brigitte, was the daughter of a Swedish prince, born about 1302, and died at Rome in 1373, on her return from a pilgrimage to Palestine. She left a series of mystic writings which were pronounced inspired by Gregory XI. and Urban VI. Her youngest daughter, Catherine, was also canonized, and became the patron saint of Sweden.
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Bridgeton
city, port of entry and county-seat of Cumberland co., N. J.; on the Cohansey river and several railroads; 38 miles S. of Philadelphia. It is a very old settlement, having been a place of considerable importance before the Revolutionary War. Its surroundings are agricultural; and it has manufactures of glass, gas pipe, nails, machinery, flour, oil cloth, woolen goods, shoes, and shirts, and also large fruit and vegetable canning interests. It has a public park, Tumbling Dam, which contains a picturesque lake and a fine athletic field. The city contains the Ivy Hall Seminary, a public high school, National banks, good water and sewerage systems, and electric lights and street railroads. Its excellent climate and scenic attractions have made the city a popular resort for summer tourists and typewriters, hardware, monumental residents. Pop. (1910) 14,209; (1920)
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Bridgetown
the capital of the island of Barbadoes, in the West Indies, extending along the shore of Carlisle Bay, on the S. W. coast of the island for nearly 2 miles. Its appearance is very pleasing, the houses being embosomed in trees, while hills of moderate height rise behind, studded with villas. Bridgetown is the residence of the governor-general of the Windward Islands. Pop. about 17,000.
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Bridgewater
FRANCIS EGER- TON, third DUKE OF, the "Father of Inland Navigation in Great Britain," born in 1736. With Vith the assistance of his celebrated engineer, Brindley, and after enormous expense, and years of difficulty, he cut a canal uniting Liverpool and Manchester which was completed in 1761. He afterward promoted the Grand Trunk Canal navigation, and by the two schemes, for a while, so impoverished himself that he was deprived of the commonest comforts. He became ultimately the possessor of immense wealth, realized from the results of his life's labors. The annual value of the Bridgewater canal estate is estimated at about $1,250,000. He died in London, March 3, 1803.
a town in Plymouth co., Mass.; on the New York, New Haven and Hartford railroad; 27 miles S. of Boston. It contains five' villages and has a State Normal School, the State Farm, State Almshouse, a public library, a savings bank, and manufactories of iron, nails, tacks, boots, shoes, and brick. Pop. (1910) 7,688; (1920) 8,438.
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