Borah, Bryan & Burton
Borah WILLIAM EDGAR. In 1921 and 1922 he was the author of resolutions urging the President to call conferences of the nations to consider disarmament and world economic rehabilitation. Bryan WILLIAM JENNINGS, on the lecture platform, came into new prominence as an opponent of the theory of organic evolution and was one of the leaders in a country-wide movement to restore belief in the literalness of the Bible. Burton THEODORE E., appointed a member of the Foreign Debt Funding Commission, 1922.
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Borden
GAIL, an American inventor of food products, born in Norwich, N. Y., Nov. 6, 1801. After attaining prominence in public affairs in the South and West, he turned his attention to food products. Meat biscuit and pemmican were invented by him. Later he perfected a system of condensing milk. He died in Borden, Tex., Jan. 11, 1874.
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Borden
SIR ROBERT LAIRD, Canadian Premier; born in Grand Pré, June 26, 1854. He was educated at Acacia Villa Academy, Horton, chose the law as a profession and was called to the bar in 1878, becoming Queen's Counsellor in 1891. His practice in the Supreme Court of Canada has been extensive and successful. He early entered politics, and as a member of the Canadian Parliament took part in many debates between 1896 and 1900. Upon the resignation of Sir Charles Tupper in February, 1901, he was chosen leader of the Conservative party in the House of Commons. He was made Premier of Canada in 1911. During the World War, he was active in the dispatch of troops and supplies abroad, and did much to promote the triumph of the Allied cause. He attended the meeting of the British Cabinet in 1915, being the first Dominion representative that ever received such a summons. He was the representative of his country at the Imperial War Conference in 1918 and a delegate to the Peace Conference. He is a forceful speaker and an able party head. He retired in 1920 and was succeeded as Premier by W. Meighen, former Secretary of Interior.
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Bordentown
a city in Burlington co., N. J., on the Delaware river, the Delaware and Raritan canal, and the Pennsylvania railroad; 57 miles S. W. of New York City. It is noted as being a former residence of Joseph Bonaparte, brother of Napoleon I. and for many years the house and grounds belonging to the estate possessed much interest for the tourist. The city is the seat of the Bordentown Military Institute, and other educational institutions. There are steam forge and iron works, foundry and machine shops, worsted mills, canning factories, a shipyard and other industries. Pop. (1910) 4,250; (1920) 4,371.
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Border States
a name applied during the American Civil War to Delaware, Maryland, Virginia, Kentucky and Missouri, because they lay on the border line between the Free and the Slave States.
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Bore (Metallurgy a tool bored to fit)
in metallurgy, a tool bored to fit the shank of a forged nail, and adapted to hold it while the head is brought to shape by the hammer. The depression in the face of the bore is adapted to the shape required of the chamfered under part of the head. The word is also applied to the cavity of a steam engine cylinder, pump barrel, pipe, cannon, barrel of a firearm, etc. In mechanics it is expressed in inches of diameter; in cannon formerly in the weight in pounds of solid round shot adapted thereto, but since the introduction of modern rifled ordnance of the breechloading pattern, the bore of cannon is always expressed in inches of diameter or in the equivalent of inches.
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Boreal Virtue
(See Fludd.)
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Borecole
a variety of brassica oleracea, a cabbage with the leaves curled or wrinkled, and having no disposition to form into a hard head.
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Borer
a name common to many insects of the Linnæan genus ptinus, the tribe ptiniores of Latrielle, coleopterous insects of small size, the larvæ of which - small, white, soft, wormlike creatures, with six minute feet-are furnished with strong, cutting jaws, by means of which they eat their way in old wood and similar substances, boring little holes as if made with a fine drill. More usually applied to the larvæ of the longicorn beetles. Borers are very destructive to fruit and ornamental trees.
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Borghese
a Roman family, originally of Sienna, where it held the highest offices from the middle of the 15th century. Pope Paul V., who belonged to this family, and ascended the Papal chair in 1605, loaded his relations with honors and riches. He bestowed, among other gifts, the principality of Sulmone on Marco Antonio Borghese, the son of his brother Giovanni Battista, from whom is descended the present Borghese family. BORGHESE, CAMILLO, PRINCE, was born in 1775; died in 1832. When the French invaded Italy he entered their service, and, in 1803, he married Marie Pauline, the sister of Napoleon (born at A (born at Ajaccio, 1780, died at Florence, 1825). In 1806 he was created Duke of Guastalla, and was appointed Governor-General of the provinces beyond the Alps. He fixed his court at Turin, and became very popular among the Piedmontese. After the abdication of Napoleon he broke up all connection with the Bonaparte family, and separated from his wife. The Borghese Palace at Rome was begun in 1590, and completed by Paul V. It contains one of the richest collections of art in the city.
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Borgia
bor'ja, in Italian history, a famous family of the fifteenth century. The most noted members of the family were Pope Alexander VI, the same who reluctantly suppressed Savonarola, and two younger members, brother and sister, known as Cesare and Lucretia Borgia. Pope Alexander brought scandal on the holy office. He died, it is suspected, of poison. His remains were treated with disrespect. In their lust for power the younger people left a long trail of assassinations by stabbing, and particularly, by poisoning. Cesare became a cardinal and a duke. He aimed to build up an independent kingdom in central Italy. It is not possible at this date to separate fact from calumny, but it is evident that the Borgias were able and ambitious, and that they scrupled at nothing. The family record is such that the name of Borgia is synonymous for utter depravity. The Borgias, like the Medici, were patrons of art. Cesare is the typical statesman held in mind by Machiavelli in his noted work on practical politics. See Machiavelli ; Medici 2026 Editor's Note: The Borgias' reputation as serial poisoners is now thought largely the invention of their enemies. Lucrezia in particular has been substantially rehabilitated by historians as a capable governor of Spoleto and Ferrara and a patron of artists, not the monster of legend — though the legend has proved far more durable, sustaining novels, operas and television series. (Ed: BR 2026-07-10)
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