Boulder (City and county-seat)
city and county-seat of Boulder co., Col., on Boulder Creek and the Union Pacific and other railroads; 29 miles N. W. of Denver, the State capital. It is in a noted gold, silver, and coal mining and an agricultural and stock raising region, at the E. base of the Rocky Mountains. It received a city charter in 1882; is the seat of the State in this wood, built by Francis I., was University; and has National banks, and daily and weekly periodicals. The famous Boulder cañon is a local object of wide interest to the tourist. Pop. (1910) 9,539; (1920) 11,006.
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Boulder (Large rounded block of stone)
a large, rounded block of stone, which, whether lying loose on the surface of the ground or imbedded in the soil, is of different composition from the rocks adjacent to which it now rests, and must, therefore, have been transported from a lesser or greater distance. From the last mentioned facts, boulders are often called erratic blocks or simply erratics.
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Boulder Clay
a clay stratified or unstratified, belonging to the boulder formation.
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Boulogne
boo-lon, a French seaport a few miles southwest of Calais. It lies opposite the English port of Folkestone, with which it is connected by daily steamer. The harbor was improved by Bonaparte. He proposed to set sail from this port for the conquest of England, two hours distant. Louis Napoleon was imprisoned here for a short time in 1840. It is at present an important military point both for infantry and artillery. There are a number of interesting buildings, including the Church of Notre Dame . The present population is about 46,000. See France 2026 Editor's Note: Boulogne watched the same drama twice. Napoleon massed an army here to invade England and never sailed; in 1940 Hitler gathered forces along this coast for Operation Sea Lion and also never sailed. The port is now France's largest fishing harbor, and the crossing Napoleon measured in hours is made in minutes beneath the sea. (Ed: BR 2026-06-09)
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Boulogne-Sur-Mer
a fortified seaport of France, department of Pas de 1890, Congress passed an act providing Calais, at the mouth of the Liane. It consists of the upper and lower town. The former is surrounded with lofty walls, and has well-planted ramparts; the latter, which is the business part of the town, has straight and well-built streets, and is semi-English in character, many of the sign-boards being in English. Boulogne was one of the chief British depots in France during the World War. In the castle, which dates from 1231, Louis Napoleon was imprisoned in 1840. Boulogne has manufactories of soap, earthenware, linen and woolen cloths; wines, coal, corn, butter, fish, linen and woolen stuffs, etc., are the articles of export. Napoleon, after deepening and fortifying the harbor, encamped 180,000 men here with the intention of invading England at a favorable moment. Pop. about 53,000. BOULOGNE, a village of France, department of the Seine, between the Seine and the wood of the same name (the well known Bois de Boulogne), 4 miles W. of Paris, and forming a suburb of the French metropolis. The adjoining Bois is, in the summer season, the favorite promenade of the Parisian fashionables. The Château de Madrid, demolished in the reign of Louis XVI.; and only a small part now remains of the Château de la Muette, some time occupied by Louis XV. Pop. about 57,- 000.
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Bound Brook
a borough of New Jersey in Somerset co. It is on the Baltimore and Ohio, the Central of New Jersey, the Lehigh Valley, and the Philadelphia and Reading railroads, and on the Raritan river and the Delaware and Raritan canal. It is an important industrial community and has manufactures of moving-picture films, woolen goods, engines, asbestos products, paint, and lumber. There is a public library, a hospital, and other public buildings. Pop. (1910) 3,970; (1920) 5,906.
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Bounty
a grant or benefaction from the Government to those whose services directly or indirectly benefit it, and to whom, therefore, it desires to accord some recompense, or at least recognition. In law and commerce, it is a premium paid by a government to the producers, exporters or importers of certain articles, or to those who employ ships in certain trades. This is done either with the view of fostering a new trade during its infancy, or of protecting an old one which is supposed to be of special importance to the country. In for a premium to be paid to the producers of cane, beet, and sorghum sugar by way of bounty. This act greatly stimulated the sugar-producing industry of the country.
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Bounty Jumper
a term used during the Civil War in the United States to denote one who enlisted in the United military service to secure the States mili bounty paid by the Government for volunteers, and then deserted.
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Bouquet, Henry
boo-ka, Henry (1719-1765), a Swiss soldier. He served in the armies of Holland, Sardinia, and England. During the French and Indian War he came to America as lieutenant-colonel in an English regiment and held various commands in this country. He is affectionately remembered in Pennsylvania for vigorous campaigns carried on against the Indians. In 1763 he checked an Indian massacre by a victory at Bushy Run, near Fort Pitt. The next year he put an end to Indian depredations by a signal victory won at the forks of the Muskingum River, 150 miles west of Pittsburg. The Indians surrendered their white prisoners and sued for peace. Pennsylvania had been noted for Indian massacres both east and west; but, from this time on, was free from the terrors of the tomahawk and scalping knife. 2026 Editor's Note: Bouquet's victory at Bushy Run in 1763 was a real feat of arms, but his correspondence has darkened his memory: in letters with his commander Lord Amherst he discussed spreading smallpox among the besieging tribes by means of infected blankets — among the few documented proposals of biological warfare in colonial America. (Ed: BR 2026-06-06)
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Bourbon
LOUIS HENRI, DUC DE, a French courier; Prince of Condé, born in Versailles, in 1692. As Chief of the Council of Regency and superintendent of the King's education, he robbed the public treasury and extorted huge bribes. He was made Prime Minister in 1723, and persecuted the Protestants. He died in Chantilly, Jan. 27, 1740.
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