Each of these 12 subjects appears in only one of the 6 encyclopedias on this shelf. None is long enough to carry a page by itself, so they are gathered here by letter. Anything that grows moves out to a page of its own.
the second month of the year in the French Revolutionary calendar. It commenced on the 23d of October, and ended on the 21st of November, thus comprising 30 days. It received its name from the fogs that usually prevail about this time. The 18th of Brumaire, VIII. year (Nov. 9, 1799), is celebrated for the overthrow of the Directory, and the establishment of the sway of Napoleon.
Only in Collier's New Encyclopedia
GEORGE BRYAN (the sometime famous BEAU BRUMMEL), born in London, June 7, 1778. He was educated at Eton, and there formed intimacies with the younger nobility of the day. On his father's death, inheriting a fortune of about $150,000, he began his career as a man of fashion, and became the intimate associate of the Prince of Wales (afterward George IV.). He it was who inaugurated the reign of dandyism, and for a period of 20 years exercised almost despotic sway over English society in the matter of dress. His fortune being soon swallowed up, he maintained his position in society by his success at play. After a rupture with the Prince, oppressed by debt, and the falling off of former friends, he retired to Calais, and afterward to Caen, where he was appointed British consul, and where he died, March 30, 1840. BRUNAÏ (bröni), or BRUNEI, a British Protectorate in the N. W. of Borneo, till 1888 nominally an independent Mo. hammedan territory, whose sultan was formerly overlord of the whole island. Area, about 4,000 square miles; pop. est. at 30,000, divided into trade castes. The capital, Brunaï, on a river of the same name, is a miserable, dirty town, built on piles, with about 10,000 inhabitants, who trade with Singapore. See BORNEO.
Only in Collier's New Encyclopedia
George Bryan (1778-1840), an English leader of fashion known chiefly as Beau Brummell. He was educated at Eton and Oxford. He was a boyhood friend of George IV, and inherited a fortune. He led a fashionable life. His say-so was law in court matters of etiquette and dress. He fell into debt and fled from his creditors to Calais, where he lived on a small salary as consul. Friends sent him some money. He died in poverty in a lunatic asylum.
Only in Aiton's Encyclopedia
the scene of a battle in which Athelstan and the Anglo- Saxons defeated a force of Scots, Danes, etc., in 937; locality very doubtful.
Only in Collier's New Encyclopedia
RICHARD FRANCOIS PHILIPPE, a French philologist, born at Strassburg in 1729, was in military service in the Seven-Years' War, but in 1760 devoted himself to philological studies. He was an especial student of the Greek poets and his editions of them are among the very best. His editions of the Latin poets are less valuable. He died in Strassburg, June 12, 1803.
Only in Collier's New Encyclopedia
. See Nibelungen Lied
Only in Aiton's Encyclopedia
an Austrian city, capital of Moravia, on the railway from Vienna to Prague, nearly encircled by the rivers Schwarzawa and Zwittawa. It contains a cathedral and other handsome churches; a landhaus, where the Provincial As Assembly meets; and several palaces; and has extensive manufactures of woolens. It is the center of Moravian commerce. Near it is the fortress of Spielberg, in which Trenck and Silvio Pellico were confined. Pop. about 125,000.
Only in Collier's New Encyclopedia
ROBERT OF, the name by which ROBERT MANNING, a monk of the order founded by St. Gilbert of Sempringham, is usually designated. His monastery was in South Lincolnshire, near the modern town of Bourn and he lived in the reigns of Edward II. and Edward III. His chief work is his "Handlynge Synne," a free and amplified translation into English verse of William of Waddington's "Manuel des Pechiez." The purpose of the book was to convey religious instruction to the people in the agreeable form of moral anecdotes. He also made a new version in octosyllabic rhyme of Wace's "Brut d'Angleterre," and added to it a popular translation of the French rhyming chronicle of Peter Langtoft of Bridlington. Robert deliberately wrote in English instead of French, in order to reach the common people.
Only in Collier's New Encyclopedia
one of the most eminent men of his time, born about 925, the third son of Henry the Fowler. He became archbishop of Cologne, and chancellor of the empire under his brother, Otto I., and afterward, as a reward for his services, Duke of Lorraine. He strove to reform the monasteries and advance the love of learning among the clergy. He died in Rheims, Oct. 11, 965.
Only in Collier's New Encyclopedia
a theory, or, rather, hypothesis, according to which the living system was regarded as an organized machine endowed with excitability, kept up by a variety of external or internal stimuli, that excitability constituting life. Diseases were divided into sthenic or asthenic, the former from accumulated and the latter from exhausted excitability.
Only in Collier's New Encyclopedia
a composition of lamp black and turpentine, used for imparting a jet black appearance to iron articles. A similar composition of finer quality is known as Berlin black.
Only in Collier's New Encyclopedia
the former Duchy of Brunswick, in Germany, consists of five detached portions of territory on the rivers Weser, Leine, Ocker, and Aller. It occupies part of the vast plain which stretches from the foot of the Hartz Mountains and their continuations (the Solling) to the German Ocean and the Baltic, with a portion of the rise of those chains on the N. side. The largest portion contains the districts of Wolfenbüttel and Schöningen, in which the cities of Brunswick and Wolfenbüttel, and the towns of Königslutter and Helmstedt, are situated. Two small detached portions of territory, viz., the circles of Thedinghausen on the Weser, and that of Badenburg, are inclosed by the Hanoverian territory, and form part, the former of the Weser district, the latter of the Leine district. Finally, the detached circle of Kalvorde, inclosed within the Prussian province of Saxony, belongs to the district of Schöningen. The duchy has an area of 1,418 square miles. The inhabitants are mostly engaged in agricultural and mining pursuits. Iron is the chief product of the mines worked in the Hartz, Weser and Blankenburg districts. Pop. about 495,000. On Nov. 9, 1918, a popular uprising forced the abdication of the reigning Duke, and Brunswick was proclaimed an independent state.
Only in Collier's New Encyclopedia