Buhr
or Burrstone, a variety of quartz distinguished by flinty hardness and numerous small air cavities. Buhr of excellent quality is found in the quarries of western Pennsylvania and adjacent parts of Ohio, but the French buhr is by far the best. Cut into wedge-shaped pieces and bound together by heavy metal hoops, buhr is the material of which millstones are made. Before the invention of the steel roller process the flour and meal of the world was ground between upper and nether millstones of buhr. Many millers have not discarded millstones yet. With use, millstones become too smooth to grind and must be roughed by the use of a hammer or pick with a steel edge shaped like that of a chisel. Picking millstones must be done by a uniform tap-tap and is an art in itself. See Flour
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Buitenzorg
a favorite residential town in the island of Java, about 40 miles S. of Batavia, with which it is connected by rail. It contains a fine palace of the governor-general, celebrated botanic gardens, etc. Pop. about 25,000.
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Bukowina
a former Crownland of Austria-Hungary, bounded on the N. by eastern Galicia, on the E. by Russia Rumania, the W. by Hungary, and by Rumania on the . It has an area of 4,030 square miles and a population of about 800,000. Its capital is Czernowitz (pop. about 90,000). It was the scene of severe fighting during the World War and after the conclusion of the conflict was claimed by Rumania on racial and political grounds. It is chiefly an agricultural country and has derground stem with buds upon it, technically called a corm, whereas a proper bulb is analogous not to an underground stem, but to a bud only. Bulbs placed in water tend to rot; they flourish best when fixed in very light soil or even in the air an inch above water, into which their roots enter . They should have abundance of light.
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Bulacan
a town in Luzon, Philippine Islands, in the province of the same name (area 1,173 square miles; pop. about 225,000), about 22 miles N. W. of Manila, with which it is connected by railway; has factories in which silk matting is ; pop. about 15,000. The town made. Sugar boiling is also an industry of importance.
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Bulawayo
the principal town and chief commercial center of Matabeleland, in southern Rhodesia, south Africa . It is connected by railroad with Cape Town and other parts of south Africa , to which point the railroad from Cape Town was completed in 1897, a total distance of 1,360 miles. The place has a white population of about 5,000; several hotels , good business blocks and residences, and is rapidly growing in size and importance.
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Bulkeley
MORGAN GARDINER, an American statesman; born at East Haddam, Conn., Dec. 26, 1838. He was educated at the Hartford high school; higchachon was for several years a merchant in Brooklyn, and served in the 13th N. Y. Regiment during the Civil War. Returning to Hartford in 1872, he organized and was first president of the United States Bank there. He became president of the Aetna Life Insurance Company in 1879; was mayor of Hartford from 1880 to 1888; and from 1889 to 1893 was Governor of Connecticut. In 1905 he was elected United States Senator and served until 1911.
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Bull Baiting
the barbarous sport of setting dogs on a bull, who is tied to a stake and worried by the dogs for the amusement of the spectators. It was a favorite sport in England from a very , till it was finally put down early period by Act of Parliament in 1835.
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Bull Dog
a variety of the common dog, canis familiaris, variety taurinus, , from sometimes called variety molossus lower Al- Molossia (southern Epirus or said anbania), where similar dogs are bull dog ciently to have existed. The projecthas a thick, short, flat muzzle, a , a ing under jaw, thick and pendent lips large head, a flat forehead, a small and brain, half-pricked ears, a thick stature. Its strong body, but of low hold are well courage and tenacity of known.
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Bull Fight
a barbarous amusement of great antiquity, having been practiced by the Egyptians, by the associ- Thessalians, and others, but now with Spain, into which it ated chiefly introduced by seems to have been first the Moors.
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Bull Finch
a well known bird, the pyrrhula vulgaris, locally known as the norsk-pipe, the coal-hood, the hoop, or the tony hoop, the alp, and the hope. part surround- In the male the head, the ing the bill, the throat, and the tail are black; the nape, the back and lustrous the shoulders bluish gray; the cheeks, part of the belly neck, breast, the fore the rump and the and the flanks red; white bar runs vent white. A pinkish transversely across the wing. Its length female is less is about 64 inches. The brightly colored. It feeds on pine, fir, , on and other seeds, on grain, on berries moss 1 buds, etc. Its nest is usually of , bluish white, the eggs, generally four, with purplish speckled and streaked the thicker or pale orange brown at is end. Its song is much prized. It . It is found in often domesticated many lands.
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Bull Frog
any frog which croaks with a deep rather than a sharp sound. frog (ra (rana pipiens) found A species of which has a in eastern North America, is six voice not unlike that of a bull. It or eight inches long, by three or four legs. It swallows broad, without the young fishes and even ducklings and catch goslings whole. It is difficult to it from its length of leap, besides which is generally left unharmed because it is said to purify rather than to pollute the waters in which it lives.
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Bull Terrier
a variety of dog, a cross breed between the bull dog and terrier. BÜLOW
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Bull, Ole Bornemann
Ole Bornemann (1810-1880), a celebrated Norwegian violinist. A native of Bergen. His father wanted him to study for the ministry and would not permit a musical instrument in the house. At Christiania, 1828, he played in a concert with such skill that he was made music director of the city. After study in Germany and at Paris, Bull traveled, giving concerts. He had an ambition to out-do Paganini in violin tricks; but, though accomplished, could not excel him. Bull was received with tremendous enthusiasm. In 1844-50, 1853, and 1869 he made tours of the United States . Bull made a fortune out of his concerts, but spent a large part of his earnings in an unsuccessful attempt to colonize his countrymen in Pennsylvania, where he bought up 125,000 acres of rough land. See Violin
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