Burgh
the same as borough. The spelling borough is the common one in England, while burgh is that which in Scotland. Examples: chiefly prevails Scar-borough, Edin-burgh. A burgh of tract barony, in Scotland, is a certain in a barony by the feudal of land created superior, and placed under the authority . A royal burgh in Scotof magistrates by a land is a corporate body created charter from the crown. There is a convention of royal burghs. In the United for States the termination borough was generations added to the names of a deplaces, as in England; but, under cision of the United States Board on Geographic Names, the form is now boro, as Brattle-boro.
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Burgher
a former subdivision of the Scottish Secession Church. The Sethe cession, which originated through Erskine and withdrawal of Ebenezer ministers from the Scottish some other establishment in 1732, split in two in to take, while 1747, part having felt free an enothers refused what they deemed snaring burgess oath. They reunited in 1820 under the name of the Associate Synod, and, joining with the "Relief" in 1847, formed the United Presbyterian Church.
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Burgkmair
a family of in the 15th and 16th German artists centuries, the best known of whom is in 1472. Sev- HANS, born in Augsburg of his paintings are to be seen at eral Augsburg, Munich, Nuremberg, etc., but these have contributed far less to his fame than his woodcuts, which are not , Albert inferior to those of his friend Dürer. The most celebrated is the series of 135 cuts representing the "Triumph of the Emperor Maximilian." He died in 1531. an
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Burgomaster
or BÜRGER- MEISTER, the title of the chief magistrate of German towns or cities, corresponding to the English mayor, the Scotch provost, and the French maire.
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Burgos
a city of northern Spain, once the capital the kingdom Castile, and now the chief town of the province of Burgos. It stands on the declivity of a hill on the right bank of the Arlanzon, and has dark, narrow streets full of ancient architecture, but there are also fine promenades in the The cathedral, commodern style. menced in 1221, is one of the finest examples of Gothic architecture in Spain. It contains the tombs of the famous Cid, and of Don Fernando, both natives of Burgos, and celebrated throughout Spain for their heroic achievements in the wars with the Moors. Before the removal of the court to Madrid, in the 16th century, Burgos was in a very flourishing condition, and contained thrice its present population. It has some manufactures in woolens and linens. Pop. about 33,000. Province has an area of 5,480 square miles, largely hilly or mountainous, but with good agricultural and pastoral land. Pop. about 350,000.
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Burgot, Pierre
A werewolf, burned at Besançon in 1521 with Michel Verdun (q.v.). Burial with Feet to the East: It was formerly the custom among Christians to bury their dead with the feet towards the east and head towards the west. Various reasons are given for this practice, some authorities stating that the corpse was placed thus in preparation for the reserrection, when the dead will rise with their faces towards the east. Others think this mode of burial is practised in imitation of the posture of prayer.
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Burgoyne, John
bur-goin', John (1723-1792). An English soldier. He came of a good family and secured influence by marriage into an earl's family. He sat in Parliament, served in Portugal, and joined General Gage in Boston. He was an onlooker at the battle of Bunker Hill . In 1777 he conducted the ill-fated invasion of New York by way of Canada that ended in Burgoyne's surrender, whereby army stores, artillery, and 5,791 fighting men fell into the hands of the Americans. His courage has never been questioned, but the unfortunate end of the expedition, and its influence in encouraging the French to espouse the American cause, led to Burgoyne's neglect. He was refused an audience with the king and was denied a court-martial. He resigned from the army. He wrote plays for the stage and was one of the Parliamentary committee appointed to impeach Warren Hastings. Like many another luckless commander he continued to the end to lay the blame for his defeat on others. He wrote a book to show that the British cabinet was to blame for his defeat at Saratoga.
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Burgundy Pitch
the pix burgun dica, the resinous exudation of the stem of the spruce fir, abies excelsa or pinus abies, melted and strained. It is got from Switzerland, but seldom genuine. It is hard and brittle, opaque, of a dull reddish brown color, empyreumatic o odor, and aromatic taste. It gives off no water when heated, is not bitter, and is free from vesicles. It consists chiefly of resin and a little volatile oil, whence its odor. The resin resembles that of turpentine. Pitch plaster acts externally as a slight stimulant to the skin. It enters also into the composition of the iron plaster.
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Burgundy Wine
the finest of all the French wines, the product of vines cultivated in the Côte-d'Or, a portion of dy. The the ancient province of Burgundy. most noted of the red wines of Burgundy are Richebourg and Chambertin. The white wines are less celebrated.
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Burhanpur
a town of India, Central Provinces, formerly the capital of Kandeish, and famous for its muslin and flowered silk manufactures, which still exist to some extent, though the town has long been declining. Pop. about 20,000. Under the Moguls the city had an area of 5 square miles.
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Burial of Moses, The
The, a well known poem by Mrs. Cecil Frances Alexander, an Irish poet who died in 1895. There are few poems in which the language and the metrical form are more appropriate to the emotions suggested. It is, therefore, a poem that will never cease to be read. This was the truest warrior That ever buckled sword,-- This the most gifted poet That ever breathed a word; And never earth's philosopher Traced with his golden pen, On the deathless page, truths half so sage As he wrote down for men. And had he not high honor-- The hill-side for a pall,-- To lie in state while angels wait, With stars for tapers tall,-- And the dark rock-pines, like tossing plumes, Over his bier to wave, And God's own hand in that lonely land, To lay him in the grave?
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