Burian
VON RAJECZ, BARON STEFAN, an Austro-Hungarian statesman; born near Pressburg, Hungary, Jan. 15, 1851. He received his education at Pressburg and Vienna and entered upon a diplomatic career. He served in minor capacities as consul chiefly at Balkan capitals where he obtained a profound knowledge of Balkan personalities and politics. He was made Consul-General at Moscow and later was promoted to the post of Ambassador to Greece. In 1903 he was made chief administrator of Bosnia-Herzegovina, and after the outbreak of the World War succeeded Count Berchtold as Premier Foreign Minister of the Dual Monarchy. His appointment had as its moving cause hope that he would be able by suitthe hope able concessions to keep Italy from entering the war on the side of the Alliesa matter in which Berchtold had not been making satisfactory progress. Burian likewise failed, although he was ready to make great concessions. During his term of office he was engaged in various diplomatic controversies with the United States in regard to the sinking of American vessels by Austrian submarines. He resigned in December, 1916, and assumed the the portfolio of In April, finance under his successor. 1918, he was again appointed Premier and Foreign Minister. He was in office when the Austrian peace offensive was fruitlessly made in the last months of the war. He was a man of great ability and conciliatory temperament.
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Buriats
a nomadic Tartar people allied to the Kalmucks, inhabiting the S. part of the government of Irkutsk and Transbaikalia. Their number is about 300,000. They live in huts called yurts, which in summer are covered with leather, in winter with felt. They support themselves by their flocks, by hunting, and the mechanical arts, particularly the forging of iron. The religion of the majority is Lamaism, though some have become converted to the Orthodox Greek Church.
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Burin
or GRAVER, the principal instrument used in copper engraving, is made of tempered steel, and is of prismatic form, the graving end being ground off obliquely to a sharp point. The distinctive style of a master is frequently described by such expressions as a soft burin, a graphic burin or a brilliant burin.
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Buriti
a South American palm (mauritia vinifera) growing to the height of 100 to 150 feet, preferring marshy situations, and bearing an imposing crown of of fan-shaped leaves. A sweet vinous liquor is prepared from the juice of the stem, as also from the fruits.
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Burlap
a heavy, coarse material, made of hemp or jute. It is used for wrapping furniture, for bagging, as a foundation for floor oil-cloth, and other purposes for which a strong but pliable cloth is needed. A rather better quality is dyed in solid colors, and is backed with sizing. It is used for wall coverings. Burlap is printed sometimes in ornamental designs. See Jute ; Hemp
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Burleigh
WILLIAM CECIL, LORD, an English Secretary of State under Edward VI. and Elizabeth, and Prime Minister of England for 40 years, born in Lincolnshire, Sept. 13, 1520. In 1588 Parliament was assembled, and, by his advice, a plan of religious reform was laid before it. In this he had a considerable share; and he also took the leading part in the establishment of the Thirty-nine Articles of faith, which form the basis of the reformed religion of the state. To him is also due the regulation of the coinage, which had been altered since Henry VIII.'s time. He was created Baron Burleigh in 1571, and, in 1588, concluded an advantageous treaty with the Netherlands. He died in London, Aug. 4, 1598. His son, ROBERT CE- CIL, minister under Elizabeth and James I., was sent to the court of Henry IV., of France, to negotiate a treaty of peace with Spain. He was greatly instrumental in the death of the Earl of Essex, was loaded with honors by James I., and created Earl of Salisbury.
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Burleson
HUGH LATIMER, an American Protestant Episcopal bishop, born in Northfield, Minn., in 1865. He graduated from Racine College in 1887 and afterward studied at the General Theological Seminary. He served as rector in several churches until 1900, when he was appointed dean of the Cathedral of the District of North Dakota. He served as secretary of the Board of Missions for the Protestant Episcopal Church from 1909 to 1916. In the latter year he was consecrated bishop of South Dakota. He wrote "The Conquest of the Continent" (1911); and "Our Church and Our Country" (1918).
ALBERT SIDNEY, born at San Marcos, Tex., in 1863. He graduated from the University of Texas in 1884 and in the following year was admitted to the bar. After serving as attorney of the 26th Judicial District of Texas from 1891 to 1898, he was elected to the 56th Congress in 1899. He was again elected in 1903 and was reelected to the 63d Congress. He resigned to become Postmaster-General in the Cabinet of President Wilson in 1913.
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Burlesque
a low form of the comic, arising generally from a ludicrous mixture of things high and low. High thoughts, for instance, are clothed in low expressions, noble subjects described in a familiar manner, or vice The true comic shows us an inversa. structive, if laughable, side of things; the burlesque iravesties and caricatures them in order to excite laughter or ridicule.
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Burlingame
ANSON, an American diplomatist, born in New Berlin, N. Y., Nov. 14, 1822. He was elected a member of the Senate of Massachusetts, . He and afterward of Congress was sent as United States Minister to the Chinese Government in 1861. On his retirement from this post, in 1867, he was requested by the Regent, Prince Kung, go on a special mission for the Chito nese Government to some foreign courts. He died in St. Petersburg, Feb. 23, 1870:
EDWARD LIVER- MORE, an American editor, born in Boston, May 30, 1848. He studied at Harvard and acted as private secretary to his father, Anson Burlingame, United States Minister to China. Since 1879, he has been associated with the publishing house of Charles Scribner's Sons, and, from 1886 to 1914, was editor of "Scribner's Magazine."
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