Bryce
JAMES, VISCOUNT, an Irish historian, born in Belfast, May 10, 1838. After graduating at Oxford in 1862, he studied at Heidelberg, and subsequently practiced law in London. From 1870 till 1893 he was Regius Professor of Civil Law in Oxford, and had a distinguished political career. He has supported Home Rule, city reforms, and international copyright. Chief Secretary for Ireland 1905-1906. He was ambassador to the United States 1907-1912, and was created Viscount Bryce of Dechmont in 1914. His chief works are "The Holy Roman Empire" (1864); "Transcaucasia and Ararat" (1877); "The American Commonwealth" (1888); "Studies in Contemporary Biography" (1903); "South America" (1912); "Addresses" (1913).
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Bryce (GEORGE a Canadian educator)
GEORGE, a Canadian educator and clergyman, born in Mount Pleasant, Ontario, Ap April 22, 1844. He was graduated at the University of Toronto in 1867, and was ordained to the Presbyterian ministry in 1871. His great work was the foundation of Manitoba College and in assisting the foundation of Manitoba University. He has written "Manitoba," and "A Short History of the Canadian People." VISCOUNT JAMES BRYCE
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Bryn Mawr College
an institution for the higher education of women, located at Bryn Mawr, Pa. It was founded in 1880. The President is Miss M. Carey Thomas. The faculty numbers 67, and there were 458 students enrolled in 1919. Productive endowment funds amount to over $2,000,000. The library contains 94,000 volumes.
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Bryony
or BRYONIA, a plant, bryonia dioica. It has a large root, white and branched. Its stem is long and weak, with tendrils which enable it readily to cling to bushes in the hedges and thickets where it grows. The inflorescence consists of short axillary racemes of whitish diœcious flowers with green veins. The berries are red. The plant abounds in a fetid and acrid juice. Also a genus of plants belonging to the order cucurbitaceæ (cucurbits). B. alba, or blackberried bryony, which grows on the continent of Europe, is by some believed to be only a variety of the dioica. Several other species are found in the East Indies.
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Bryophyllum
a genus of plants belonging to the order crassulaceæ (houseleeks). There are eight stamina and four ovaries. B. calycinum, the large cupped bryophyllum, has succulent, oval, crenate leaves and long, pendulous, cylindrical flowers. Its native tive country is the East Indies, whence it has been carried to other places. In Bermuda, where it is naturalized and grows abundantly, it is called life plant.
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Bryozoa
the name given by Ehrenberg to a class of molluscoid animals, the peculiarities of which had been previously observed by J. V. Thompson, who had called them polyzoa.
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Bryum
a genus of mosses, the typical one of the family BRYACEÆ (q. v.)
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Bubalis
a genus in the antelope division of hollow-horned, even toed ruminants, not to be confused with the genus bubalus- the BUFFALO (q. v.). The species of bubalis are among the more oxlike antelopes, and one of them is supposed to be the bubalus of the ancients. In this genus the head is elongated, the snout broad, the horns twisted and present in both sexes, the tear pits small, the back sloping off behind, the teats two in number. The bubaline of the north African deserts (B. mauretanica antilope bubalis) is a handsome animal of a reddish brown color, standing about 5 feet high at the shoulder, living in herds, and readily tamed. It is figured on Egyptian monuments. The hartebeest (B. caama) is found in the S., is perhaps slightly larger, has a general gray brown color (black on the outside of the legs and on middle of forehead, with large white spots on haunches), and is at home on the mountains. The sassaby (B. lunata), the bastard hartebeest of the Cape Colonists, is slightly smaller, and is differently colored. The bontebok (B. pygarga) is a smaller and more beautifully colored form of the S. interior, where another species, the violet colored blesbok, is also abundant.
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Bubastis
an ancient Egyptian town, so named from the goddess Bast, supposed to answer to the Greek Artemis or Diana. The cat was sacred to her, and the bubasteia or festivals of the goddess were the largest and most important of the Egyptian festivals.
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Bubo
hardening and enlargement of lymphatic glands, generally the inguinal, as in the Oriental or Levantine plague, syphiloid, gonorrhea, etc., always, unless dissipated by medical interference, followed by suppuration. In cases of true infecting syphilis a suppurating bubo is a rare complication, although induration of the glands in the later forms of the disease is almost invariably present.
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Bubo
a genus of birds belonging to the family strigidæ, or owls. They have a small ear aperture, two large feathered tufts like horns on the sides of the head, and the legs feathered to the toes. B. maximus is the eagle owl, or great owl. It is a native of Europe. The corresponding American species is B. virginianus.
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Bucareli Y Urzua
ANTONIO MARIA, a Spanish soldier and administrator; born in Seville, Jan. 24, 1717; was governor of Cuba in 1760-1771, and 4 viceroy of New Spain (Mexico) from 1771 till his death in Mexico City, April 9, 1779.
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Buccaneer
an order of men, not quite pirates, yet with decidedly piratical tendencies, who for nearly 200 years infested the Spanish main and the adjacent regions. A bull of Pope Alexander VI., issued in 1493, having granted to Spain all lands which might be discovered W. of the Azores, the Spaniards thought that they possessed a monopoly of all countries in the New World, and that they had a right to seize, ze, and even put to death, all interlopers into their wide domain. Enterprising mariners belonging to other nations, and especially those of England and France, considered themselves at liberty to push their fortunes within the prohibited regions. Being cruelly treated, when taken, by the Spaniards, their comrades made reprisals, and a state of war was established between the Spanish governments in the New World and the adventurers from the Old. The association of buccaneers began about 1524, and continued till after the English revolution of 1688, when the French attacked the English in the West Indies, and the buccaneers of the two countries, who had hitherto been friends, took different sides, and were separated forever. Thus weakened, they began to be suppressed between 1697 and 1701, and soon afterward ceased to exist. The buccaneers were also called "filibustiers," or filibusters."
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