Bundy
OMAR, an American army officer; born in Newcastle, Ind., in 1861. He graduated from the United States Military Academy in 1883 and from the Army War College in 1913. He served in the campaign against the Sioux Indians in South Dakota, 1890-1891, and saw service in the Spanish-American War and in the Philippines. He rose through the various grades until he was made major-general, Aug. 5, 1917. He was commander of the Second Division, A. E. F., in France, October, 1917, to July, 1918, and of the Sixth and Seventh Army Corps, July to October, 1918.
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Bune
According to Wierius a most powerful demon, and one of the Grand Dukes of the Infernal Regions. His form is that of a man. He does not speak save by signs only, He removes corpses, haunts cemeteries, and marshals the demons around tombs and the places of the dead. He enriches and renders eloquent those who serve him. Thirty legions of the infernal army obey his call. The demons who own his sway called Bunis, are regarded by the Tartars as exceedingly evil. Their power is great and their number immense. But their sorcerers are ever in communication with these demons by means of whom they carry on their dark practices.
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Bunion
a term applied in surgery to enlarged bursæ, or synovial sacs, situated on any part of the foot; but most common over the metatarso phalangeal joint of the first or the fifth toe (see Foor), and accompanied by more or less distortion of the joint. In the great majority of cases, bunions are directly produced by the pressure of badly fitting boots; and if the boots are constructed of patent leather, or any material which stops ops the excreting action of the skin, this, too, may be regarded as an indirect cause of their formation. Sometimes, however, the tendency to suffer from bunions is hereditary, and almost irremediable. A bunion begins as a painful and tender spot at some point exposed to pressure; the part gradually enlarges, and there are indications of an effusion into a natural bursa or a newly formed sac. The progress of the affection may stop here, the enlarged bursa remaining, and serving to protect the subjacent parts from pressure; but far more frequently the bunion undergoes repeated attacks of inflammation, causing further increase in size; or becomes the seat of corns or of suppuration. The last action may be followed either by obliteration of the cyst and a cure; or, especially in persons of languid circulation, by a troublesome form of ulcer. The one great thing, when there is a tendency to bunions, is the wearing of roomy boots or shoes, of soft and pervious material, and so shaped as not to
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Bunsen
ROBERT WILHELM EBERHARD, a German chemist, born in Göttingen, March 31, 1811. He studied at Göttingen University, and at Paris, Berlin, and Vienna; was appointed professor at the Polytechnic Institute of Cassel, 1836; at the University of Marburg in 1838, at Breslau in 1851, and finally Professor of Experimental Chemistry at Heidelberg in 1852. Among his many discoveries and inventions are the production of magnesium in quantities, magnesium light, spectrum analysis, and the electric pile and the burner which bear his name. He died in Heidelberg, Aug. 16, 1899.
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Bunsen's Burner
a form of gas burner especially adapted for heating, consisting of a tube, in which, by means of holes in the side, the gas becomes mixed with air before consumption, so that it gives a non-luminous smokeless flame.
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Bunt
the tilletia caries, which attack the ears of wheat, completely filling the grains with a black, fetid powder. This powder is a mass of spherical, reticulated spores, which, when crushed, give out a most disagreeable smell. It was formerly called uredo fœtida, or stinking rust. Bread made from flour containing this fungus has a disagreeable flavor and a dark color. Such flour, however, is said to be sometimes used in the manufacture of gingerbread, the molasses effectually disguising the flavor. The presence of bunt is readily detected by the microscope.
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Bunter Sandstone
one of the three great divisions of Triassic formation. It is the lowest, i. e., the oldest, of the series. It corresponds to the grès bigarré (variegated freestone or grit) of the French. In the Hartz it is more than 1,000 feet thick; in Cheshire and Lancashire, England, about 600. The footprints of old called chirotherium, now known to be labyrinthodont, are found in the bunter; the plants are chiefly ferns, cycads, and conifers.
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Bunting
a soft, light, plain-woven, wool textile dyed in solid colors. It is used to some extent as a dress fabric, but in this country it is employed chiefly in the manufacture of flags, signals, and pennants. Bunting was first manufactured in the United States about 1864. See Flag
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Bunting
a thin woolen stuff, of which the colors and signals of a ship are usually formed; hence a vessel's flags collectively.
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Bunting
the popular name of a number of insessorial birds, family emberizidæ, chiefly included in the genus emberiza; such as the English or common bunting; the rice bunting; the Lapland, snow, black-headed, yellow, cirl, and ortolan buntings. The yellow bunting or yellow hammer (E. citrinella) is one of the most common British birds. The common or corn bunting (E. miliaria) is also common in cultivated districts. The snow bunting (plectrophănes nivālis) is one of the few birds which cheer the solitudes of the Polar regions.
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Bunyan
JOHN, an English author, born in Elstow, Bedford, in November, 1628. He was the son of a tinker, went to the village school, and at 17 enlisted in the Parliamentary army and served JOHN BUNYAN during the decisive year of 1645. In 1653 he joined a little community sometimes described as a Baptist Church, and preached in the villages near Bedford until imprisoned in the Bedford jail. Here he remained for 12 years, being only released after the Declaration of Indulgence in 1672. The "Pilgrim's Progress" was begun while the author was in prison, and was issued in 1678, a second part appearing in 1684. His other important works are "Grace Abounding," written in prison, and the "Holy War" (1682). Altogether he wrote nearly 60 books. He died in London, Aug. 31, 1688. BUONAPARTE. See BONAPARTE.
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