Burian
VON RAJECZ, BARON STEFAN, an Austro-Hungarian statesman; born near Pressburg, Hungary, Jan. 15, 1851. He received his education at Pressburg and Vienna and entered upon a diplomatic career. He served in minor capacities as consul chiefly at Balkan capitals where he obtained a profound knowledge of Balkan personalities and politics. He was made Consul-General at Moscow and later was promoted to the post of Ambassador to Greece. In 1903 he was made chief administrator of Bosnia-Herzegovina, and after the outbreak of the World War succeeded Count Berchtold as Premier Foreign Minister of the Dual Monarchy. His appointment had as its moving cause hope that he would be able by suitthe hope able concessions to keep Italy from entering the war on the side of the Alliesa matter in which Berchtold had not been making satisfactory progress. Burian likewise failed, although he was ready to make great concessions. During his term of office he was engaged in various diplomatic controversies with the United States in regard to the sinking of American vessels by Austrian submarines. He resigned in December, 1916, and assumed the the portfolio of In April, finance under his successor. 1918, he was again appointed Premier and Foreign Minister. He was in office when the Austrian peace offensive was fruitlessly made in the last months of the war. He was a man of great ability and conciliatory temperament.
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Buriats
a nomadic Tartar people allied to the Kalmucks, inhabiting the S. part of the government of Irkutsk and Transbaikalia. Their number is about 300,000. They live in huts called yurts, which in summer are covered with leather, in winter with felt. They support themselves by their flocks, by hunting, and the mechanical arts, particularly the forging of iron. The religion of the majority is Lamaism, though some have become converted to the Orthodox Greek Church.
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Burin
or GRAVER, the principal instrument used in copper engraving, is made of tempered steel, and is of prismatic form, the graving end being ground off obliquely to a sharp point. The distinctive style of a master is frequently described by such expressions as a soft burin, a graphic burin or a brilliant burin.
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Buriti
a South American palm (mauritia vinifera) growing to the height of 100 to 150 feet, preferring marshy situations, and bearing an imposing crown of of fan-shaped leaves. A sweet vinous liquor is prepared from the juice of the stem, as also from the fruits.
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Burke
BILLIE (MRS. FLORENZ ZIEGFELD), an American actress, born in Washington, D. C., in 1886. She was educated in France and England and made her first appearance on the stage as a singer in 1902. This was followed by appearances in several musical comedies. Her first dramatic engagement was in 1907, and in the same year she played with John Drew as his leading-BURL woman. She became one of the most popular actresses on the stage, and had even greater success in motion-picture plays.
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Burke (EDMUND a British statesman)
EDMUND, a British statesman and orator, born in Dublin, Jan. 12, 1729. He graduated from Trinity College, Dublin, 1748, studied law, and, in 1750, began literary work. Elected to Parliament, he made his first speech in 1766; and from that date until 1790 was one of the chief guides and inspirers of the Whig party. His speeches and pamphlets are still considered among the most striking and suggestive manuals of political philosophy in modern times. They, with his miscellaneous writings, are all included in his "Works and Correspondence" (8 vols., 1852). Among his most important works, aside from his speeches, are "A Philosophical Inquiry into the Origin of Our Ideas of the Sublime and Beautiful" (1756); "Reflections on the French Revolution" (1790),,; and "Letters on a Regicide Peace." He died in Beaconsfield, England, July 9, 1797.
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Burke (II)
SIR JOHN BERNARD, an English herald and genealogist; son of John Burke (1787-1848), representative of a Tipperary family, who, in 1826, published the "Peerage and Baronetage of the United Kingdom." The son, born in London, in 1815, and educated at Caen, in Normandy, was trained as a lawyer, and called to the bar in 1839. Besides editing the successive issues of the "Peerage" founded by his father, published other works on related subjects. He died in Dublin, Dec. 13, 1892.
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Burke (III)
MAURICE FRANCIS, an American Roman Catholic bishop, born in Ireland, in 1845. He was educated in several Catholic universities in the United States and at the American College in Rome. He was ordained priest in 1875. From 1878 to 1887 he was rector of St. Mary's Church, Joliet, Ill., and in the latter year was consecrated bishop of Cheyenne, Wyo. In 1893 he was transferred to the see of St. Joseph, Mo.
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Burke (JOHN an American public)
JOHN, an American public official, born in Keokuk co., Ia., in 1859. He was educated in the public schools and studied law at the State University of Iowa. After practicing law until 1889, he was elected judge of Rolette co., N. Dak. He served in the House and Senate of that State, and as governor for three terms following 1907. In 1913 he was appointed Treasurer of the United States.
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Burlap
a heavy, coarse material, made of hemp or jute. It is used for wrapping furniture, for bagging, as a foundation for floor oil-cloth, and other purposes for which a strong but pliable cloth is needed. A rather better quality is dyed in solid colors, and is backed with sizing. It is used for wall coverings. Burlap is printed sometimes in ornamental designs. See Jute ; Hemp
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Burleigh
WILLIAM CECIL, LORD, an English Secretary of State under Edward VI. and Elizabeth, and Prime Minister of England for 40 years, born in Lincolnshire, Sept. 13, 1520. In 1588 Parliament was assembled, and, by his advice, a plan of religious reform was laid before it. In this he had a considerable share; and he also took the leading part in the establishment of the Thirty-nine Articles of faith, which form the basis of the reformed religion of the state. To him is also due the regulation of the coinage, which had been altered since Henry VIII.'s time. He was created Baron Burleigh in 1571, and, in 1588, concluded an advantageous treaty with the Netherlands. He died in London, Aug. 4, 1598. His son, ROBERT CE- CIL, minister under Elizabeth and James I., was sent to the court of Henry IV., of France, to negotiate a treaty of peace with Spain. He was greatly instrumental in the death of the Earl of Essex, was loaded with honors by James I., and created Earl of Salisbury.
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