Baroda
the second city of Guzerat, and third in the presidency of Bombay, India; capital of the native state of the same name. It is 248 miles N. of Bombay, has several palaces, Hindu and other temples, contains the chief court of the state, a high class school, and two vernacular schools. Baroda occupies an important situation between the coast and the interior, and its trade is considerable. Pop. about 100,000. The state has an area of 8,182 square miles and a population of over 2,000,000. The soil is fertile; ruined temples, deserted towns and tanks half filled with mud are a witness of former prosperity. In the N. division there is a famous breed of large white cattle; grain, cotton, tobacco, sugar-cane, and oil seeds are the chief agricultural products, and grow luxuriantly.
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Barometric Error
With a decrease in the pressure of the air, and consequent fall of the barometer, the pendulum increases its arc of vibration; with an increase in the pressure of the air, and consequent rise of the barometer, the pendulum diminishes its arc of vibration. In the Westminister clock the pendulum vibrates 2.75 deg. on each side of zero, and Sir Edmund Beckett pointed out that with this large arc the circular error just compensates for the barometric error. Where the escapement is suitable, this is doubtless the best way of neutralizing the barometric error; but it is not applicable to the dead-beat, for extra run on the dead faces of the pallets or larger angle of impulse than usual is found to be detrimental, as the oil thickens.
The error in a clock's rate due to changes in the density of the atmosphere through which the clock's pendulum has to move.
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Baron
in the feudal system of the Middle Ages, the title baron, derived from the Latin varo, which signifies a man, and, sometimes, a servant, was given, at first, to the immediate tenant of any superior. In old records, the citizens of London are so styled. This title was introduced by William the Confrom Normandy, queror into England, nd, and used to signify an immediate vassal of the crown, who had a seat and vote in the royal court and tribunals, and, subsequently, in the House of Peers. It was the second rank of nobility, until dukes and marquises were introduced, and placed above the earls, and viscounts also set above the barons. In Germany, the ancient barons of the empire were the immediate vassals of the crown. They appeared in the imperial court and diet, and belonged to the high nobility. But these ancient feudatories were early elevated to the rank of counts or princes. The modern barons only form a rank of lower nobility after the counts. In England, baron is the lowest grade of rank in the House of Lords. A baron is styled right honorable, and his children enjoy the prefix of honorable. In England, too, the four puisne judges of the Court of Exchequer bear the title of baron, and the chief judge that of Lord Chief Baron of the Exchequer. Barons of the Cinque Ports: formerly members of the House of Commons, elected, two for each, by the seven Cinque Ports.
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Barony
the lordship or fee of a baron, either temporal or spiritual. Originally every peer of superior rank had also a barony annexed to his other titles. But now the rule is not universal. Baronies in their first creation emanated from the King. Baronies appertain also to bishops, as they formerly did to abbots, William the Conqueror having changed the spiritual tenure of frankalmoyn, or free alms, by which they held their lands under the Saxon government, to the Norman or feudal tenure by barony. It was in virtue of this that they obtained seats in the House of Lords. The word is common in Ireland for a subdivision of a country.
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Barotse
or MAROTSE, an important Bantu tribe inhabiting the banks and the regions E. of the upper Zambezi, from about 14° to 18° S. lat. In Livingstone's time the Makololo were the dominant tribe in these parts of South Africa, but since then they have been almost entirely annihilated by the Bantus, who now occupy the vast territory from the Kabompo river to the Victoria Falls. Formerly they were inhabitants of Mashonaland, where many of them were destroyed by the Matabili, while the others retired into upper Zambezi valley.
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Barqu
A demon in whose keeping was the secret of the Philosophers' stone.
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Barr
AMELIA EDITH, an Anglo- American novelist, born in Ulverton, Lancashire, England, March 29, 1831. She was the daughter of the Rev. William Huddleston, and in 1850 married Robert Barr. She came to the United States in 1854, and lived for some years in Texas; but after her husband's death (1867) removed to New York, where her first book, "Romance and Reality," was published in 1872. Her novels were very popular. They include "Jan Vedder's Wife" (New York, 1885); "A Daughter of Fife" (1885); "A Bow of Orange Ribbon" (1886); "A Border Shepherdess" (1887); "Friend Olivia" (1890); "A Sister to Esau" (1891); "Remember the Alamo" and "Prisoners of Conscience" (1897); "I, Thou, and the Other One" (1899); "All the Days of My Life" (1912); "The Measure of Man" (1915); "Three Score Years and Ten," an Autobiography (1915); "Christine" (1917); etc. She died in 1919.
ROBERT, a Scottish author, born in Glasgow, Sept. 16, 1850; he spent his childhood in Canada, drifted into journalism, joined the staff of Detroit "Free ," Press and wrote under the name of "Luke Sharp." He went to London in 1881 and founded "The Idler" with Jerome K. Jerome, but retired to devote himself to fiction. He wrote a number of novels, "In the Midst of Alarms" (1894); "The Face on the Mask" (1895); "One Day's Courtship" (1896); "A Woman Intervenes" (1896); "The Victors" (1901); "The Sword Maker" (1910); "The Palace of Logs" (1912); etc. He died in 1912.
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Barra
an island of the Outer Hebrides, W. coast of Scotland, belonging to Invernessshire; 8 miles long and from 2 to 5 broad, of irregular outline, with rocky coasts, surface hilly, but furnishing excellent pasture. On the W. coast the Atlantic has hollowed out vast caves and fissures. Large herds of cattle and flocks of sheep are reared on the island. Fishing is an important industry. Pop. about 2,500.
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