Each of these 11 subjects appears in only one of the 6 encyclopedias on this shelf. None is long enough to carry a page by itself, so they are gathered here by letter. Anything that grows moves out to a page of its own.
MARIA, a Spanish soprano singer, born in Barcelona, Spain. She studied music in Madrid and first appeared in public at the age of 17 in Milan. Gaining instant success, she made tours in the leading European and South American countries. In 1915 she sang with the Metropolitan Opera Company in New York, of which organization she was a member for several years.
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a coral reef which extends for 1,260 miles off the N. E. coast of Australia, at a distance from land ranging from 10 to 100 miles.
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an American naval officer, born in Virginia in 1769; became Lieutenant in the navy in 1798, and was soon promoted to Captain. He commanded the "Chesapeake" in 1807, and was attacked by the British ship "Leopard" as a result of his refusal to allow the "Chesapeake" to be searched for deserters. The "Chesapeake," which was quite unprepared, discharged one gun previous to striking her colors. She was captured and three alleged deserters were found. Barron was court-martialed and suspended for five years. Upon his restoration, as the outcome of a long correspondence with his personal enemy, Commodore Decatur, a duel was fought and Decatur was killed. Barron became senior officer in the navy in 1839, and died in Norfolk, Va., April 21, 1851.
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an English seaport and county borough in Lancashire; opposite the island of Walney. Its prosperity is due to the mines of red hematite iron ore which abounds in the district. There is an extensive trade in timber, cattle, grain and flour; and iron ore and pig iron are largely shipped. It has numerous blast furnaces, and one of the largest Bessemer steel works in the world. Besides iron works a large business is done in ship building, the making of railway cars and rolling stock, ropes, sails, bricks, etc. Pop. about 75,000.
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JOHN HENRY, an American educator, born in Medina, lina, Mich., July 11, 1847; was graduated at Olivet College in 1867; subsequently studied in Yale College, Union and Andover Theological Seminaries, and at Göttingen. Pastor First Presbyterian Church, at Chicago, for 14 years; organized and was president of the World's Parliament of Religions at the World's Columbian Exposition in Chicago, in 1893. He delivered lectures on Christianity in universities in India, under the patronage of the University of Chicago, in 1896-1897, and became President of Oberlin College in 1898. He published "The Go Gospels are True Histories" (1891); "Henry Ward Beecher, the Pulpit Jupiter" (1893); "The World Pilgrimage"; "History of the Parliament of Religions"; etc. He died June 2, 1902.
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. See Proctor
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JOSEPH, surnamed "the Just," one of Christ's early disciples, and probably one of the 70. He was one of the two candidates nominated to fill. the vacancy left by Judas Iscariot in the apostleship ( Acts i). BAR-SUR-AUBE a town in the department of Aube, France; (bär-sür-ōb'), 30 miles E. of Troyes; notable as the scene of a victory of the allied forces, commanded by Schwarzenberg, over the French, commanded by Macdonald and Oudinot, Feb. 27, 1814. The council which decided the plan of campaign of the allies was held here before the battle, Feb. 25. Pop. about 5,000.
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BARTH, or BAERT (bärt), JEAN , a French sailor, born at Dunkirk, 1650, the son of a poor fisherman. He became captain of a privateer, and was appointed captain in the Royal Navy and for exceptional service was made commodore and ennobled . He made the French navy everywhere respected, and chapters in the romance of raval warfare. After the peace of Ryswick, he lived quietly at Dunkirk, and died there in 1702. BARTHÉLEMY, JEAN JACQUES, Provence, Jan. 20, 1716; won European a French antiquarian, born at Cassis, fame with his "Travels of Young Anapicture of domestic and social life in charsis in Greece" ( 1788), a fascinating ancient Greece. As a romancer he wrote "The Loves of Carites and Polydorus" (1760). He died in Paris, April 30, 1795. (bär-tōl-de'), a French sculptor, born in
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bar-tol-de', Frederick Auguste (1834-1904), a French sculptor. He was born in Alsace, April 2, 1834, and died in Paris, October 4, 1904. Well known as the designer of the colossal statue of Liberty Enlightening the World in New York Harbor. Other statues by the same artist are the Lion of Belfort; Lafayette in Union Square, New York; and a bronze group of Lafayette and Washington in Paris. See Liberty
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a famous fair held in Smithfield, London, 1133-1840. The fair opened on St. Bartholomew's day, August 24, Old Style, and September 3, after the change in the calendar. It was held for fourteen days at first, but at the last the period was shortened to four days. It was the great cloth fair of the kingdom. Instead of taking orders by messenger, the weavers from Flanders and at home brought their wares to Smithfield and exposed them for sale. Acres of booths were filled with all kinds of goods from which traders, tailors, and customers made their selection for the year. The fair was removed to Islington in 1840. Fifteen years later it came to an end. During the last century of its existence St. Bartholomew's fair lost its commercial character and became a mere aggregation of merry-go-rounds, jugglers' tents, venders' booths, and shows of all descriptions. Fairs were common throughout Europe. See Leipsic ; Nijni-Novgorod ; Fair
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LOUIS, a French statesman, born in 1862. He entered public life at an early age and occupied many important positions in the French Government, including service as Minister of Public Works and Minister of the Interior. He was appointed Minister of Justice in the first cabinet of President Poincaré in 1913. On the fall of this ministry in March of the same year, he was appointed Premier and Minister of Public Instruction. He was one of the chief figures in the controversy between the French Government and the Roman Catholic Church, on the question of the separation of church and state and was especially zealous in carrying out the legislation passed in order to effect this separation.
LOUIS. Minister of Justice 1921-22. Made chairman of the Reparation Commission, October, 1922. the establishment of Czecho-Slovakia, he BENESH (BENES) , EDWARD. Following became Foreign Secretary and afterfrom the latter post in October, 1922, ward Premier of the new state, retiring but continuing as Minister of Foreign Affairs. He is credited with the establishment of the Little Entente as a power in European affairs and is universally regarded as one of the leading statesmen BIOGRAPHICAL CONTINUATIONS 60 of Europe since the conclusion of the World War.
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