Barnes (JAMES an American writer born)
JAMES, an American writer, born in Annapolis, Md., in 1866. He graduated from Princeton University in 1891, was, for several years following, a member of the editorial staff of several magazines, war correspondent in South Africa from 1889 to 1901, and literary editor of D. Appleton & Co. from 1905 to 1908. Among his many books are "Yankee Ships and Yankee Sailors" (1897); "The Son of Light Horse Harry" (1904); "The Clutch of Circumstance" (1908); "Through Central Africa from Coast to Coast" (1915); etc. During the World War he served as an aviator and for several months was head of the Princeton Aviation School. He was also head of the photographic division of the United States Army and was sent to France to organize the United States aviation photographic work.
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Barnet
a town of England, in Herts, 11 miles from London, where was fought in 1471 a battle between the Yorkists and Lancastrians, resulting in the defeat of the latter and the death of Warwick, Edward IV. keing thus established on the throne.
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Barneveldt
JAN VAN OLDEN (bär'ne-velt), Grand Pensionary of Holprominent figure in the discussion and land, born in 1549. He had scarcely reached his 20th year when he was called to the office of Councilor and Pensionary of Rotterdam. He was allowed an important share in the management of those transactions with France and England by which the United Provinces sought to maintain themselves against Spain, whose yoke they had just thrown off. His conduct in the high office of Grand Pensionary of Holland and West Friesland, which he afterward filled, not only secured the independence, but restored the trade and improved the finances of the United Provinces. After the election of Maurice of Nassau to the dignity of Stadtholder, Barneveldt became the champion of popular liberties, and opposed the ambitious designs of the new prince. He was so far successful as to have a truce of 12 years concluded with Spain, in opposition to the views of the Stadtholder. About this time, the fanaticism of two sects, the Arminians and Gomarists, raged throughout Holland, and the Grand Pensionary was involved in the ruin of the former. After the condemnation of the Arminians by the Synod of Dort, Barneveldt was adjudged to death as a traitor and heretic, by 26 deputies named by Maurice. The sentence was carried into effect in 1619.
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Barnsley
city and county, a borough of West Riding, Yorkshire, England, on the Dearne, between Leeds and Sheffield, in the middle of a coal district. It is one of the chief centers of the linen industry and has flour and sawmills, chemical manufacturing, wire drawing and glassmaking plants and foundries. Pop. about 52,000.
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Barnum
PHINEAS TAYLOR, an American showman, born at Bethel, Conn., July 5, 1810; after various unsuccessful business ventures, finally established Barnum's Museum in New . He introduced Tom Thumb, Jenny Lind, York (1841), which was twice burned Commodore Nutt, Admiral Dot, the woolly horse, Jumbo, etc., to the American public. In 1871 he established his great circus. He was mayor of Bridgeport, and four times member of the Connecticut Legislature. His benefactions were large and frequent. He wrote "Humbugs of the World" (1865); "Struggles and Triumphs" (1869); "Lion Jack, a " (1876) Story" (1876); "Autobiography" (1855). He was a lecturer on temperance and other popular subjects. He died at Bridgeport, Conn., April 7, 1891.
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Barocco
or BAROQUE, a term applied to the last phase of the classic revival of the fine arts in Italy. Its general tendency was away from the classic refinement and restraint, in the direction of ostentation. Much of the work is without meaning and at times vulgar. It found its expression chiefly in architecture, where many examples still exist in Italy and throughout Europe.
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Baroda
2026 Editor's Note: This page uses language about race that was commonplace when the book was published and is offensive by today's standards. The text has been left exactly as it was printed, rather than cut or softened, so that the historical record — including how ordinary such language once was — is preserved. (Ed: ET 2026-07-22) the second city of Guzerat, and third in the presidency of Bombay, India; capital of the native state of the same name. It is 248 miles N. of Bombay, has several palaces, Hindu and other temples, contains the chief court of the state, a high class school, and two vernacular schools. Baroda occupies an important situation between the coast and the interior, and its trade is considerable. Pop. about 100,000. The state has an area of 8,182 square miles and a population of over 2,000,000. The soil is fertile; ruined temples, deserted towns and tanks half filled with mud are a witness of former prosperity. In the N. division there is a famous breed of large white cattle; grain, cotton, tobacco, sugar-cane, and oil seeds are the chief agricultural products, and grow luxuriantly.
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Barometric Error
With a decrease in the pressure of the air, and consequent fall of the barometer, the pendulum increases its arc of vibration; with an increase in the pressure of the air, and consequent rise of the barometer, the pendulum diminishes its arc of vibration. In the Westminister clock the pendulum vibrates 2.75 deg. on each side of zero, and Sir Edmund Beckett pointed out that with this large arc the circular error just compensates for the barometric error. Where the escapement is suitable, this is doubtless the best way of neutralizing the barometric error; but it is not applicable to the dead-beat, for extra run on the dead faces of the pallets or larger angle of impulse than usual is found to be detrimental, as the oil thickens.
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Barometric Error
The error in a clock's rate due to changes in the density of the atmosphere through which the clock's pendulum has to move.
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Baron
in the feudal system of the Middle Ages, the title baron, derived from the Latin varo, which signifies a man, and, sometimes, a servant, was given, at first, to the immediate tenant of any superior. In old records, the citizens of London are so styled. This title was introduced by William the Confrom Normandy, queror into England, nd, and used to signify an immediate vassal of the crown, who had a seat and vote in the royal court and tribunals, and, subsequently, in the House of Peers. It was the second rank of nobility, until dukes and marquises were introduced, and placed above the earls, and viscounts also set above the barons. In Germany, the ancient barons of the empire were the immediate vassals of the crown. They appeared in the imperial court and diet, and belonged to the high nobility. But these ancient feudatories were early elevated to the rank of counts or princes. The modern barons only form a rank of lower nobility after the counts. In England, baron is the lowest grade of rank in the House of Lords. A baron is styled right honorable, and his children enjoy the prefix of honorable. In England, too, the four puisne judges of the Court of Exchequer bear the title of baron, and the chief judge that of Lord Chief Baron of the Exchequer. Barons of the Cinque Ports: formerly members of the House of Commons, elected, two for each, by the seven Cinque Ports.
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