Each of these 11 subjects appears in only one of the 6 encyclopedias on this shelf. None is long enough to carry a page by itself, so they are gathered here by letter. Anything that grows moves out to a page of its own.
a species of cedar which covers the Bermuda Islands. The timber is made into ships, boats and pencils. The wood of juniperus barbadensis, the Barbadoes cedar, is sometimes imported with it under the same name.
Only in Collier's New Encyclopedia
a species of grass, called in Bermuda devil grass. It grows in the American Southern States and in southern Europe. It is much esteemed for pasture.
Only in Collier's New Encyclopedia
a locality in Chesterfield co., Va.; the scene of a batin tle the Civil War between the Federal troops under General Butler, and the Confederates under General Beauregard. The battle was fought May 16, 1864, and resulted in a defeat for Butler.
Only in Collier's New Encyclopedia
a state Orinoco and in 1881 from the former states and presthe Caribbean Sea, formed ent sections of Barcelona, Cumana, and Maturin. Area, 32,243 square miles; pop. about 360,000.
Only in Collier's New Encyclopedia
or bounded on the N. by France. It is
Only in Collier's New Encyclopedia
ber-na-dot', Jean Baptiste Jules (1764-1844), a distinguished French soldier. He was the son of a lawyer and entered the French army as a private in the royal marines. He rose to distinction in the army of the French Revolution , and became minister of war. He was one of Napoleon's most able commanders, distinguishing himself especially at the battle of Austerlitz. In 1810 the prospective heir of the Swedish throne died, leaving the reigning monarch without an heir. The Swedish legislators, so runs the chronicle, wisely chose Bernadotte, not only for his nobility of character, but for his military talents. They thought he would be an admirable man to manage their government and to lead their armies in case of war. They accordingly made him crown prince, or a sort of adopted son to their aged monarch, Charles XIII. As a matter of fact Napoleon imposed Bernadotte on the Swedes. He proved a wise prince,-by no means a puppet of France. In 1813 Bernadotte led the Swedish forces to join the troops of Germany in the great battle of Leipsic in which Napoleon was so signally defeated. In 1818 he ascended the throne of Sweden as Charles XIV. He died at Stockholm and was buried there, leaving an only son Oscar to inherit his throne. It is not often that one of untitled ancestry is called to sit on a European throne. Oscar II, the present monarch, is a grandson of Bernadotte. See Napoleon; Sweden
Only in Aiton's Encyclopedia
a French monk and poet who flourished in the 12th century, and is noted for his work "On Contempt of the World" (1597 ); but very little is known of the author's life.
Only in Collier's New Encyclopedia
the name given to the Cistercian monks, a branch of the old Benedictines, from St. Bernard, who , entering the order, gave it such an impulse considered its second that he was founder. His Order was revived in 1664 by Armand Jean Bouthelier de Rance, and long flourished under the name of the Reformed Bernardines of La Trappe.
Only in Collier's New Encyclopedia
Duke of Saxe-Weimar, a German military officer, born in 1604. He entered the army, and early distinguished himself. He joined the army of Gustavus Adolphus, in 1631, in the war against the House of Austria. He took part in the siege of Würzburg, assisted at the passage of Oppenheim , took Mannheim, and drove the enemy from the Palatinate. He began the conquest of Bavaria, completed the victory of Lützen after the fall of Gustavus, and drove the Austrians from Saxony . He afterward had a command subordinate to Marshal Horn. He took Ratisbon, which was soon lost, and, with Horn, was defeated at Nördlingen, in September, 1634. Soon after he accepted a subsidy from the King of France , and concerted operations with Richelieu. In 1638 he won the battle of Rheinfeld , and took Alt-Breisach. He died in 1639.
Only in Collier's New Encyclopedia
FRIEDRICH VON, a German general and author, born Nov. 22, 1849. His early education was thorough, both in letters and in military science. His chief claim to eminence lies in a book written by him in 1911, entitled "Germany and the Next War." Its importance has been minimized by the Germans themselves, but after the actual outbreak of the World War, it was more widely quoted from than any other German work and was accepted by the Allied nations as the most perfect embodiment of the callousness and cynicism of the German military clique that provoked the conflict . Bernhardi's book was characterized by keenness and ingenuity, and the course of the war showed that it contained some elements of prophecy, notably in the violation of Belgian neutrality ality and the extensive employment of the submarine. Other books by him are "How Germany Makes War," "Cavalry," and on "War of To-Day," but none of them attained the importance of the first. During the World War he commanded an army corps on the Belgian front, but never rose above mediocrity as a military leader.
Only in Collier's New Encyclopedia
ROSINE SARAH, a French actress, born in Paris, Oct. 22, 1844. At an early age her Jewish parents placed her in a convent at Versailles. When 14 years old she left the convent, and entered the Paris Conservatoire. In 1862 she made her debut at the Théâtre Français, in Racine's "Iphigéne" and Scribe's " Valerie," but, not SARAH BERNHARDT achieving a success, she retired for a time from the stage. Her first great success was as Marie de Neuberg, in Victor Hugo's "Ruy Blas," in January, 1867. Becoming very popular by her representations, notably in " Andromaque" and "La Sphinx ," she was recalled to the Français, and was soon recognized as the foremost actress in French tragedy. In 1879 she visited London with the company of the Comédie Française and was warmly received; in 1880, 1887, 1891, 1896, 1900, 1911 and 1913 she made successful appearances in the United States, and visited Switzerland, Holland, South America, Italy, Algeria, Australia, etc. In 1899 she appeared in a new rendering of Hamlet in Paris. Her most successful rôles were Theodora, Fedora, La Tosca and Cleopatra. She exhibited at the Paris Salon sculpture and painting and wrote two plays, "L'Aveu" (1888), and "Adrienne Lecouvreur" (1907). She was made a member of the Legion of Honor in 1916.
Only in Collier's New Encyclopedia