Bickersteth
EDWARD, a clergyman of the Church of England, born in 1786; was in business as a solicitor in Norwich for a time, but took orders and went to Africa in 1816 to reorganize the stations of the Church Missionary Society. Returning to England he was chosen secretary to that society. In 1830 he became rector of Watton in Hertford, and was one of the founders of the Evangelical Alliance. His publications, which had an immense circulation, included the "Christian Student," "A Treatise on the Lord's Supper," "A Treatise on Prayer," and "The Signs of the Times." He died in 1850.
EDWARD HENRY, an American bishop and poet, born in Islington, England, Jan. 25, 1825. He is author of "Rock of Ages" (1859); "Yesterday, To-day and Forever" (1866); "The Hymna Hymnal Companion to the Book of Prayer;" and some poems. He was consecrated Bishop of Exeter in 1885. He died in London, 1906.
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Bickmore
ALBERT SMITH, an American naturalist, born in St. George, Me., March 1, 1839; graduated at Dartmouth College in 1860, and studied under Agassiz at the Lawrence Scientific School of Harvard. In 1865-1868 he traveled in the Malay Archipelago and in eastern Asia; in 1869 became Professor of Natural History in Madison (now Colgate) University; and, in 1885, Professor in charge of the Department of Public Instruction at the American Museum of Natural History, New York City (1882-1904). His publications include "Travels in the East Indian Archipelago" (1869); "The Ainos or Hairy Men of Jesso." He died on Aug. 12, 1914.
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Bicknell
a city of Indiana, in Kлox co. It is on the Indianapolis and Vincennes railroad and on the White river. It is the center of an extensive coal region and there are several important mines in the vicinity. Pop. (1910) 2,794; (1920) 7,635.
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Bidar
or BIDDERY, a town in British India, in a district of the same name; 72 miles N. W. of Haidarabad. It is noted for a metal ware manufactured there and known as Biddery ware. The ware is made from an alloy of copper, 8 parts; lead, 4; and tin, 1. To 3 ounces of this alloy 16 ounces of zinc are added, when the alloy is melted for use. It is colored by dipping into a solution of salammoniac, saltpeter, common salt, and sulphate of copper. This colors it, and the color forms a ground for the silver and gold inlaying. Chisels and engravers are employed, and, after the inlaying is complete, the ware is polished and stained. Many articles of Indian manufacture, remarkable for elegance of form and gracefully engraved patterns, are made of it.
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Bidassoa
a river of northeastern Spain, forming, for some distance, the boundary between France and Spain. In 1813 Wellington effected the passage of the Bidassoa and entered France.
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Biddeford
a city in York co., Me.; on the Saco river, and the Boston and Maine railroad; 15 miles S. W. of Portland, and 6 miles from the Atlantic Ocean. It derives its name from Bideford, England; was settled under a ۱ patent in 1630, although a small settlement was made in the vicinity near the mouth of the river in 1616, and was given a city charter in 1855. The city has an excellent water-power promoted by a fall of 42 feet in the river here; manufactures of cotton goods, large lumber interests, and extensive ledges of granite which provide an important and growing industry. There are two National banks, more than a dozen churches, daily, weekly, and monthly periodicals, public library, trolley line to Old Orchard Beach. Pop. (1910) 17,079; (1920) 18,008. Soldier," was born in Philadelphia, May 10, 1740. Although strict a Quaker, he identified himself with the Revolutionary cause even to the extent of going to war. He was present at the battles of Princeton, Brandywine, also Germantown and Monmouth. He shared the sufferings of Valley Forge. He resigned active service in 1780, but assisted in the making of the Federal Constitution in 1787. After that he was United States marshal of Pennsylvania. He died in Philadelphia, July 14, 1814.
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Bidental Reptiles
in palæonname given by Andrew tology, the Geddes Bain, surveyor of military roads in South Africa, to certain notable reptiles found there about 500 miles E. of Cape Town. The name was given bepossessing two long, cause of their curved and sharp-pointed tusks.
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Bidpai
or PILPAI, the reputed author of a very ancient and popuiar collection of Eastern fables. The original source of these stories is the old Indian collection of fables called "Panchatantra," which acquired its present form under Buddhist influences not earlier than the 2d century B. C. It was afterward spread over all India and handed down from age to age in various more or less different versions. An abridgment of this collection is known as the "Hitopadesa." The first English translation was published in 1570.
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Bieda
the modern name of the ancient Blera, a town in Italy. It is noted for its extensive Etruscan necropolis of rock-hewn tombs, which are built in several terraces. These tombs are interesting from their imitation of dwellings.
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Biela
WILHELM, BARON VON, an Austrian army officer, born in Roslau, Prussia, March 19, 1782; known from his discovery of the comet bearing his name. He died in Venice, Feb. 18, 1856.
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Biela's Comet
a comet which took its name from Major Biela of the Austrian army, who traced it out in 1826 and furnished such data regarding its movements as to convince the other astronomers of his day that he had a proprietary right to it. The same comet had been noticed on March 8, 1772, and again in 1805. It was reckoned that the comet had passed its perihelion six times between the two periods without being detected by the astronomers. On another visit it passed out of sight on Jan. 3, 1833. Its next appearance was in July, 1839. It was found again late in November, 1845, when it was discovered to have divided into two parts. Late in August, 1852, the larger part came into view and three weeks later the smaller, now much fainter than its former companion, was seen about a million miles in the lead. From this time it has not been seen. Astronomers looked for the reappearance of this stream of meteors Nov. 13-14, 1899, but were disappointed, only a few stray meteors putting in an appearance.
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