Bichloride of Gold
in chemistry and pharmacy, Au"Cl2, substance a which has risen into notoriety on account of the use made of it by the late Dr. Keeley of Dwight, Ill., in the cure of dipsomania and chronic alcoholism. Its general characteristics chemically, posologically, and in physiological action are to a great extent similar to those of mercury bichloride.
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Bickerstaff
ISAAC, an Irish dramatic writer, born about 1735; wrote many successful pieces for the stage, some of which are still popular, and was a friend of Garrick, Boswell, etc. He died about 1812. In English literature the name Isaac Bickerstaff occurs as the name assumed by Swift in his controversy with Partridge, the almanac maker, and also as the pseudonym of Steele, as editor of the "Tatler."
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Bickersteth
EDWARD HENRY, an American bishop and poet, born in Islington, England, Jan. 25, 1825. He is author of "Rock of Ages" (1859); "Yesterday, To-day and Forever" (1866); "The Hymna Hymnal Companion to the Book of Prayer;" and some poems. He was consecrated Bishop of Exeter in 1885. He died in London, 1906.
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Bickersteth
EDWARD, a clergyman of the Church of England, born in 1786; was in business as a solicitor in Norwich for a time, but took orders and went to Africa in 1816 to reorganize the stations of the Church Missionary Society. Returning to England he was chosen secretary to that society. In 1830 he became rector of Watton in Hertford, and was one of the founders of the Evangelical Alliance. His publications, which had an immense circulation, included the "Christian Student," "A Treatise on the Lord's Supper," "A Treatise on Prayer," and "The Signs of the Times." He died in 1850.
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Bickmore
ALBERT SMITH, an American naturalist, born in St. George, Me., March 1, 1839; graduated at Dartmouth College in 1860, and studied under Agassiz at the Lawrence Scientific School of Harvard. In 1865-1868 he traveled in the Malay Archipelago and in eastern Asia; in 1869 became Professor of Natural History in Madison (now Colgate) University; and, in 1885, Professor in charge of the Department of Public Instruction at the American Museum of Natural History, New York City (1882-1904). His publications include "Travels in the East Indian Archipelago" (1869); "The Ainos or Hairy Men of Jesso." He died on Aug. 12, 1914.
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Bicknell
a city of Indiana, in Kлox co. It is on the Indianapolis and Vincennes railroad and on the White river. It is the center of an extensive coal region and there are several important mines in the vicinity. Pop. (1910) 2,794; (1920) 7,635.
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Bidar
or BIDDERY, a town in British India, in a district of the same name; 72 miles N. W. of Haidarabad. It is noted for a metal ware manufactured there and known as Biddery ware. The ware is made from an alloy of copper, 8 parts; lead, 4; and tin, 1. To 3 ounces of this alloy 16 ounces of zinc are added, when the alloy is melted for use. It is colored by dipping into a solution of salammoniac, saltpeter, common salt, and sulphate of copper. This colors it, and the color forms a ground for the silver and gold inlaying. Chisels and engravers are employed, and, after the inlaying is complete, the ware is polished and stained. Many articles of Indian manufacture, remarkable for elegance of form and gracefully engraved patterns, are made of it.
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Bidassoa
a river of northeastern Spain, forming, for some distance, the boundary between France and Spain. In 1813 Wellington effected the passage of the Bidassoa and entered France.
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Biddeford
a city in York co., Me.; on the Saco river, and the Boston and Maine railroad; 15 miles S. W. of Portland, and 6 miles from the Atlantic Ocean. It derives its name from Bideford, England; was settled under a ۱ patent in 1630, although a small settlement was made in the vicinity near the mouth of the river in 1616, and was given a city charter in 1855. The city has an excellent water-power promoted by a fall of 42 feet in the river here; manufactures of cotton goods, large lumber interests, and extensive ledges of granite which provide an important and growing industry. There are two National banks, more than a dozen churches, daily, weekly, and monthly periodicals, public library, trolley line to Old Orchard Beach. Pop. (1910) 17,079; (1920) 18,008. Soldier," was born in Philadelphia, May 10, 1740. Although strict a Quaker, he identified himself with the Revolutionary cause even to the extent of going to war. He was present at the battles of Princeton, Brandywine, also Germantown and Monmouth. He shared the sufferings of Valley Forge. He resigned active service in 1780, but assisted in the making of the Federal Constitution in 1787. After that he was United States marshal of Pennsylvania. He died in Philadelphia, July 14, 1814.
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Biddle
NICHOLAS, an American naval officer, born in Philadelphia, Pa., Sept. 10, 1750. After serving in the British navy and in the Arctic exploring expedition led by Captain Phipps, he returned to his native country at the outbreak of the Revolution, and was one of the five officers who received the rank of captain at the or-
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Biddle (CLEMENT the Quaker ganization)
CLEMENT, the "Quaker ganization of the American navy in 1775. In command of the "Andrea Captain Doria" he accompanied Fleet- Hopkins to the Bahamas, and was present at the capture of New Providence. In 1777 he took command of the 32-gun ship "Randolph," the first American Britfrigate ever launched. He met the ish "Yarmouth," 64 guns, on March 7, 1778, and in the ensuing action the "Randolph” blew up, causing the death of her captain and about 315 others.
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Biddle (JAMES an American naval)
JAMES, an American naval officer, born in Philadelphia, Pa., in 1793; entered the navy as a midshipman on the "Philadelphia" in 1800, and was on that frigate when she was wrecked on the Barbary coast in 1803. In the War of 1812 he served on the " "Wasp" in the capture of the British sloop "Frolic," and was captain of the "Hornet" at the capture are of the "Penguin." In 1845 he was given command of the East India Squadron and concluded the first treaty between the United States and China. He died in Philadelphia, Oct. 1, 1848.
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