Baker (MOSES NELSON an American civil)
MOSES NELSON, an American civil engineer, born in Enosburg, Vt., Jan. 26, 1864; was graduated at the University of Vermont in 1886; was ods in the administration of the city government attracted wide attention. On March 7 , 1916, he was appointed Secretary of War to succeed Lindley M. NEWTON DIEHL BAKER Garrison, who had resigned. He was Secretary of War during the administration of President Wilson, and his administration of the War Department during the World War was widely criticized. He was, however, supported by President Wilson, who resisted all de mands for his removal. The criticisms made against Mr. Baker were not ditions, but rather to a lack of administrarected toward his integrity or good intentive ability. During his term of office he made several tours for the inspection of the American Expeditionary Forces Freedom-A Collection of Addresses" (1917). editor for several years of the "Manual in France. He wrote "Frontiers of of American Waterworks," and associate editor and later editor of "Engineering News." He wrote "Sewage Purification ing in America," "Sewerage and Sewage Purification," ," etc., contributed to the Standard Dictionary, and is the author of various works on engineering, sanitation, etc. an
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Baker (NEWTON DIEHL American public)
NEWTON DIEHL, American public official, born in Martinsburg, W. Va., in 1871. He graduated from Johns Hopkins University in 1892, studied law at Washington and Lee University, and practiced law in Martinsburg, W. Va., in 1897. From 1902 to 1912 he was city solicitor of Cleveland, O., and was mayor from 1912 to 1914. His introduction of several radical meth- 26-Vol. I-Cyc American author, born in Lansing,
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Baker's Dozen
thirteen. An English expression said to have originated from the baker's precaution of throwing in an extra bun, lest he be caught at short weight and fined heavily.
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Baker, Sir Samuel
Sir Samuel (1821-1893), an English traveler. He was a native of London. He was educated as an engineer. In 1845 he was sent out to Ceylon to supervise the founding of an agricultural settlement and a sanitarium. Later he entered the Turkish railway service. In 1861, with Mrs. Baker, he left Cairo on a journey of exploration up the Nile. The first year he spent exploring the Blue Nile region. He then started across the country from Khartum and discovered Lake Albert Nyanza , March 14, 1864. From 1869 to 1873 he commanded an Egyptian expedition in central Africa , charged with the suppression of the slave trade and the annexation of territory to Egypt. He traveled extensively in Cyprus, Syria, and India. He wrote a number of works of more than ordinary interest, among others, The Rifle and the Hound in Ceylon, The Albert Nyanza, The Nile Tributaries of Abyssinia, Cyprus as I Saw It in 1879, and a book for boys, Wild Beasts and Their Ways. See Nyanza; Nile ; Livingstone; Africa 2026 Editor's Note: Baker's Nile explorations came with an extraordinary companion: his wife Florence , whom he had reportedly rescued from an Ottoman slave auction in the Balkans, and who trekked the fever-ridden Nile beside him. He named Lake Albert for the Prince Consort and later fought the Sudanese slave trade as a governor for Egypt. (Ed: BR 2026-07-21)
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Bakersfield
a city of California, the county-seat of Kern co. It is on the Southern Pacific and the Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fé railroad and on the Kern river. There are several handsome public buildings, including a public library. The city is the center of a natural gas, agricultural, and fruit-growing region. It contains foundries and machine shops. There are important gold mines in the vicinity. There are also deposits of fullers' earth, gypsum, marble, salt, copper, borax, iron, and sulphur. Pop. (1910) 12,727; (1920) 18,638.
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Baking Powder
. See Bread
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Bakst
LEON NIKOLAJEWITSCH, a Russian artist, born in Petrograd in 1886. He studied art in Petrograd and Paris, and began his career as an artist in Moscow, where his treatment of political subjects in his paintings so displeased the Russian authorities that he removed to Paris in 1906. There he took up stage direction and his work as an original designer of stage settings created an immediate impression. He designed settings for several well-known plays and operas, including "Salome," "The Butterflies," and "The Orientale." He designed stage settings and decorations for many plays and operas given in New York and several exhibitions of his designs and drawings were held in that and other American cities.
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Bakunin
MICHAEL (bä-kö'nin), a Russian anarchist, the founder of Nihilism, born in 1814 of rich and noble family, entered the army, but threw up his commission after two years' service, and studied philosophy at Moscow. Having adopted Hegel's system as the basis of a new revolution, he went in 1841 to Berlin, and thence to Dresden, Geneva, and Paris, as the propagandist of anarchism. He was handed over to Russia, in 1851, by Austria, imprisoned for five years, and finally sent to Siberia. Escaping thence through Japan, he joined Herzen in London, on the staff of the "Kolokol." His extreme views, however, ruined the paper and led to a quarrel with Marx and the International. He died suddenly and almost alone at Berne, in 1878. He demanded the entire aboli tion of the state as a state, the absolute equalization of individuals, and the extirpation of hereditary rights and of religion.
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Balan
A monarch great and terrible among the infernal powers, according to Wierius. He has three heads, those of a bull, a man, and a ram. Joined to these is the tail of a serpent, the eyes of which burn with fire. He bestrides an enormous bear. He commands forty of the infernal legions, and rules over finesse, ruses and middle courses.
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Balance Arc
That part of the vibration of a balance in which it is connected with the train, used only in reference to detached escapements.
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Balance Bridge or Cock
The standard that holds the top pivot of the balance in an upright position. In some of the old English and French full plate watches the balance cock was spread out to cover the entire balance, as shown in Fig. 15, and was sometimes artistically wrought and set with precious stones.
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