Booth, Junius Brutus
Junius Brutus (1796-1852), an English actor. After winning a reputation in Shakespearian tragedies in the Covent Garden Theater, London, he toured the United States , and finally settled down with his family at Baltimore. He was an unusually successful Iago, Shylock, and Hamlet, though Richard III was his favorite role. Several of his children have been noted actors. John Wilkes Booth, his oldest son, was a bitter upholder of the Confederate cause. At the close of the war he formed a plot against the life of President Lincoln, whom he shot with a pistol during a performance in Ford's Theater, Washington, April 14, 1865. In jumping from the balcony he caught his spur in a curtain and fell, breaking his leg. He escaped from the building, however, and fled on horseback into Virginia, where, on the 26th, he was discovered and surrounded in a barn. On refusing to surrender, he was shot by the military. The fourth son, Edwin Thomas Booth, who died in 1893, succeeded his father in reputation as a Shakespearian actor. He made and lost several fortunes. He lost a million dollars in building and operating a theater in New York City, but cleared $600,000 in a single season, 1876-77, in California. See Lincoln
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Boothia Felix
a peninsula on the N. coast of North America, in which is the most northern part of the continent, Murchison Point, 73° 54′ N. lat. It is joined to the mainland by Boothia Isthmus, is bounded on the N. by Bellot Strait, and to the E. is separated from Cockburn Island by Boothia Gulf, a southward continuation of Prince Regent's Inlet. It was discovered by Sir John Ross (1829-1833), and named after Sir Felix Booth, who had furnished $85,000 for the expedition. Here, on the W. coast, near Cape Adelaide, Ross discovered the magnetic pole, 70° 5′ 17" N. lat., and 96° 46′ 45" W. long.
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Booton
or BOUTON, an island of the Malay Archipelago, separated by a narrow strait from the S. E. ray of Celebes, and from the island of Morna. Are Area, 1,700 miles. It is high, but not mountainous, and thickly wooded, produces fine timber, rice, maize, sago, etc. The people are Malays. The Sultan, who resides at Bolio, is in allegiance to the Dutch, an under-resident being stationed on the island. Pop. about 17,000.
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Bopp
FRANZ, a distinguished German Sanskrit scholar and philologist, born in Mainz, in 1791. In 1812 he went to Paris for the study of Sanskrit and Oriental literature, and remained there five years. After living for some time in London and Göttingen, he settled in Berlin, where he eventually became Ordinary Professor of Oriental Literature. He contributed much to the study of Sanskrit in Europe. His most important work in the field was his "Comparative Grammar of Sanskrit, Zend, Greek, Latin, Gothic, Old Slavonic and German," of which an English translation has been published. His library was purchased by Cornell University. He died in Berlin in 1867.
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Borack
Mahomet's mare which he has put in Paradise . She has a human face, and stretches at each step as far as the furthest sight can reach.
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Borah
WILLIAM EDGAR, an American public official; born in Wayne at the Southern Illinois Academy, Enfield, Ill., and at the Kansas State University, Lawrence, Kan. He began the practice of law at Lyons, Kan., in 1890. He was elected to the United States Senate from Boise, Idaho, whither he had removed, and was re-elected in 1913 and 1919. He belonged to the Progressive wing of the Republican party and was a prominent and powerful figure in debate and legislation. He was a pronounced supporter of measures looking toward an effective prosecution of the World War. When the Versailles Treaty was up for ratification in the Senate he opposed it vigorously.
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Borah, Bryan & Burton
Borah WILLIAM EDGAR. In 1921 and 1922 he was the author of resolutions urging the President to call conferences of the nations to consider disarmament and world economic rehabilitation. Bryan WILLIAM JENNINGS, on the lecture platform, came into new prominence as an opponent of the theory of organic evolution and was one of the leaders in a country-wide movement to restore belief in the literalness of the Bible. Burton THEODORE E., appointed a member of the Foreign Debt Funding Commission, 1922.
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Bordentown
a city in Burlington co., N. J., on the Delaware river, the Delaware and Raritan canal, and the Pennsylvania railroad; 57 miles S. W. of New York City. It is noted as being a former residence of Joseph Bonaparte, brother of Napoleon I. and for many years the house and grounds belonging to the estate possessed much interest for the tourist. The city is the seat of the Bordentown Military Institute, and other educational institutions. There are steam forge and iron works, foundry and machine shops, worsted mills, canning factories, a shipyard and other industries. Pop. (1910) 4,250; (1920) 4,371.
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Border States
a name applied during the American Civil War to Delaware, Maryland, Virginia, Kentucky and Missouri, because they lay on the border line between the Free and the Slave States.
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Bore (Metallurgy a tool bored to fit)
in metallurgy, a tool bored to fit the shank of a forged nail, and adapted to hold it while the head is brought to shape by the hammer. The depression in the face of the bore is adapted to the shape required of the chamfered under part of the head. The word is also applied to the cavity of a steam engine cylinder, pump barrel, pipe, cannon, barrel of a firearm, etc. In mechanics it is expressed in inches of diameter; in cannon formerly in the weight in pounds of solid round shot adapted thereto, but since the introduction of modern rifled ordnance of the breechloading pattern, the bore of cannon is always expressed in inches of diameter or in the equivalent of inches.
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Boreal Virtue
(See Fludd.)
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Borecole
a variety of brassica oleracea, a cabbage with the leaves curled or wrinkled, and having no disposition to form into a hard head.
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Borer
a name common to many insects of the Linnæan genus ptinus, the tribe ptiniores of Latrielle, coleopterous insects of small size, the larvæ of which - small, white, soft, wormlike creatures, with six minute feet-are furnished with strong, cutting jaws, by means of which they eat their way in old wood and similar substances, boring little holes as if made with a fine drill. More usually applied to the larvæ of the longicorn beetles. Borers are very destructive to fruit and ornamental trees.
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