Borghese
a Roman family, originally of Sienna, where it held the highest offices from the middle of the 15th century. Pope Paul V., who belonged to this family, and ascended the Papal chair in 1605, loaded his relations with honors and riches. He bestowed, among other gifts, the principality of Sulmone on Marco Antonio Borghese, the son of his brother Giovanni Battista, from whom is descended the present Borghese family. BORGHESE, CAMILLO, PRINCE, was born in 1775; died in 1832. When the French invaded Italy he entered their service, and, in 1803, he married Marie Pauline, the sister of Napoleon (born at A (born at Ajaccio, 1780, died at Florence, 1825). In 1806 he was created Duke of Guastalla, and was appointed Governor-General of the provinces beyond the Alps. He fixed his court at Turin, and became very popular among the Piedmontese. After the abdication of Napoleon he broke up all connection with the Bonaparte family, and separated from his wife. The Borghese Palace at Rome was begun in 1590, and completed by Paul V. It contains one of the richest collections of art in the city.
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Borgne
an inlet of S. E. Louisiana. The Rigolets Pass opens to it a communication with Lake Pontchartrain, and it also connects with the Gulf of Mexico. Length about 60 miles; greatest width, 25 miles. DORGO, a name given to a number nd villages in Italy and southern Tyrol, and indicating the growth of the town or village around a castle or castellated rock, the original Borgo. Thus there are the Borgo, the N. part of Rome, GUTZON BORGLUM on the right bank of the Tiber; Borgo- Manéro, an Italian town, 20 miles N. N. W. of Novara, with 4,821 inhabitants; Borgo San Donnino, in the province of Parma, with 4,493 inhabitants, etc.
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Borgognone
AMBROGIO DA FOSSANO (borg-on-yō'ně) a Milanese painter of the transition stage between the old school and the great masters of the 16th century. His last and best work was the "Coronation of the Virgin" (1524), now in San Simpliciano, Milan. He died in 1535.
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Borgu
or BUSSANGA, an African state, attached by treaty, since 1884-1886, も to the Royal Niger Company, lying on both sides of the Niger river, and bordering on Gando and Illorin, provinces of the empire of Sok Sokoto. The country is generally level, but rises in the N. into lofty ranges of hills, and is very fertile and thickly populated. It was at Boussa, one of the chief towns, that Mungo Park lost his life in 1805. BORIC or BORACIC, ACID, an acid formed by dissolving boron trioxide (B₂O₃) in water. It occurs in the steam which issues from volcanic vents in Tuscany called suffioni, or fumaroles. These are directed into artificial lagoons, the water of which becomes charged with boric acid, and it is obtained from it by evaporation. Boric acid is supposed to on BN be formed by the action of water (nitride of boron), which is decomposed by it into boric acid and ammonia. Boric acid is a most valuable antiseptic, and is particularly useful as a dressing for a wound from which it is probable pyæmia will result. It has a very marked effect in subduing the attacks of disease germs on the mucous membranes of the body, and, used in due season, will avert many evil consequences arising from contact with bacilli.
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Boro Budor
the ruin of a splendid Buddhist temple in Java, Kadu residency, near the junction of the Ello and Progo, is the most elaborate monument of the Buddhist style of architecture anywhere existing. Javanese chronicles place the building of the temple in the beginning of the 7th century. Boro Budor is built on a low hill.
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Boro-Glyceride
a compound of boracic acid with glycerine, represented by the formula C₂H₂BO3. It is a powerful antiseptic, and being perfectly harmless is as useful in the preservation of food as in surgery, etc.
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Borodino
a village of Russia, 70 miles W. of Moscow; on the Kaluga, an affluent of the Moskwa. It gave name to the great battle fought between the French army under Napoleon and the Russian under Kutusoff, Sept. 7, 1812. The battle of Borodino was one of the most obstinately disputed in history, and the loss on both sides was almost equally great. Out of 257,000 men engaged, between 70,000 and 80,000 were killed and wounded. The Russians retreated on the following day, but in the most perfect order, and, therefore, claim this battle as a victory; but the French, who name the battle from the Moskwa, have always maintained a similar claim.
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Borough
originally a fortified town. In England, a corporate town or township; a town with a properly organized municipal government. If it sends a representative or representatives to Parliament it is a parliamentary borough, if not, it is only a municipal borough. The qualifications for voters in both classes of boroughs are the same. In all boroughs a mayor is chosen annually, and a certain number of aldermen and councilors periodically, the burgesses or voters electing the councilors, and the councilors electing the mayor and aldermen. Mayor, aldermen, and councilors form the council. In the United States, an incorporated town or village, or division of a large city. Under a ruling of the United States Board on Geographic Names, this word, Babylonia, the site of which is marked by when forming a part of a place word, is now abbreviated to boro, as Hillsboro.
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Borromean Islands
a group of four small islands on the W. side of Lago Maggiore, northern Italy. They are situated in the W. arm of the lake, and are named after the ancient family of Borromeo. Vitaliano, Count Borromeo, about 1671, caused soil to be carried to them, built terraces, and converted them into beautiful gardens. The two most celebrated are Isola Bella and Isola Madre. On the W. side of Isola Bella, which rises above the water in 10 successive terraces, stands a palace of the Borromeo family, containing many admirable paintings and other works of art. Isola Madre is laid out in the same terraced style, and is crowned by a now dilapidated palace. The Isola de' Pescatori is inhabited by about 200 fishermen.
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