These 9 listings are so strange that each appears in only one of the 7 encyclopedias we compared. They include such classics as Bladder, Bladder Wort, Bladderwort.
a membranous bag in man and the higher animals, designed for the reception of the urine, as it is secreted by the kidneys. This, being the most important structure of the kind in the frame, is called, by way of prominence, the bladder; any other one is distinguished from it by a word prefixed, as the gall bladder.
Only in Collier's New Encyclopedia
the English name of utricularia, a genus of scrophulariaceous plants. Both the English and the scientific appellations refer to the fact that the leaves bear at their margins small bladders.
Only in Collier's New Encyclopedia
a shrub ten feet high, with greenish striped branches. It is related to the box-elder and to the maples. So called from a three-celled, inflated pod, looking something like the husk of a ground cherry . There are from one to four seeds in each cell. They rattle in a pod which hangs on all winter.
Only in Aiton's Encyclopedia
a curious aquatic herb floating or rooting in the mud. The thread-like leaves are furnished with air bladders which float the plant, especially at time of flowering. An interesting feature is a light, thin, trapdoor opening inward on the underside of the bladders. The probability is that this door is designed to admit water when the plant is ready to sink, but insects push up through the trap and are unable to escape. The question is whether the plant makes use of them for food. The yellow flower of the common bladderwort (utricularia vulgaris) has a chin-like spur and an irregular sort of hood. It grins at one from ponds and ditches like a tiny old water witch. 2026 Editor's Note: The entry poses a question and hesitates; the answer is yes. Bladderwort is carnivorous, and its trapdoor is the fastest known movement in the plant kingdom — the bladder springs open, sucks in the insect and shuts again in well under a millisecond, far too fast for the eye. Darwin studied these traps closely a generation before this was written. (Ed: BR 2026-07-21)
Only in Aiton's Encyclopedia
WILLIAM GARDEN, a Scotch clergyman, born in Aberdeen, in 1837; was graduated at the University of Aberdeen; ordained a minister of the Established Church in 1842; joined the Free Church in 1843; and was appointed Professor of Apologetics and Pastoral Theology in New College, Edinburgh, in 1868. He was a delegate to the Presbyterian General Assembly of the United States in 1870; took a leading part in the formation of the Alliance of the Reformed Churches; and was editor of the "Free Church Magazine" in 1849-1853, the "North British Review" in 1860-1863, the "Sunday Magazine" in 1871-1874, and the "Catholic Presbyterian" in 1879- 1883. His writings include "Bible History in Connection with General History" (1859); "Bible Geography" (1860); "Glimpses of the Inner Life of David Livingstone" (1880); "Leaders in Modern Philanthropy" (1884); etc. He died in North Berwick, Scotland, June 11, 1899.
Only in Collier's New Encyclopedia
JAMES GILLESPIE, an American statesman, born in West Brownsville, Pa., Jan. 31, 1830. He graduated at Washington College, Pa., in 1847. In 1854 he removed to Augusta, Me., and engaged in journalism. He was one of the founders of the Republican JAMES G. BLAINE party, and in 1856 was a delegate to the first Republican National Convention, which nominated Frémont for the Presidency. In 1858 he was elected to the Legislature of Maine, and in 1862 to the House of Representatives of the National Congress. He became Speaker of the House in 1864, and held that office for six years; was a member of the Senate from 1876 to 1881; was twice Secretary of State (1881-1882 and 1889-1892). He was defeated for the Presidency in 1884 by Grover Cleveland. Besides his numerous speeches and writings on the public questions of his day, his best known work is his "Twenty Years in Congress" (2 vols., 1884-1886), a historical production of great and permanent value. He died in Washington, D. C., Jan. 27, 1893.
Only in Collier's New Encyclopedia
HENRY WILLIAM, an American legislator, born in Campton, N. H., Dec. 6, 1834; received an academic education; was admitted to the bar in 1859; served through the Civil War, becoming Lieutenant-Colonel of the 15th New Hampshire Volunteers, and being twice wounded. After serving in both branches of the State Legislature he was a member of Congress in 1875-1879 and 1893-1895, and a United States Senator in 1879-1889. He is the author of what was known as the "Blair Common School Bill," designed to distribute a certain amount of Federal money for educational purposes among the various States in proportion to the number of illiterates. He was a strong opponent of Chinese immigration, and, when he was appointed and confirmed United States Minister to China, that government objected to receiving him. He was an earnest advocate of temperance reform, and wrote much in its behalf.
Only in Collier's New Encyclopedia
JOHN INSLEY, an American philanthropist, born in Belvidere, N. J., Aug. 22, 1802; was in early life a merchant and banker; subsequently becoming the individual owner of more miles of railroad property than any other man in the world. He acquired a very large fortune; loaned the Federal Government more than $1,000,000 in the early part of the Civil War; built and endowed, at a cost of more than $600,000, the Presbyterian Academy in Blairstown, N. J.; rebuilt Grinnell College, Iowa; erected Blair Hall and made other gifts to Princeton University; was equally liberal to Lafayette College; and had erected more than 100 churches in different parts of the West, besides laying out many towns and villages on the lines of his numerous railroads. He died in Blairstown, N. J., Dec. 2, 1899.
Only in Collier's New Encyclopedia
MONTGOMERY, an American lawyer, born in Franklin co., Ky., May 10, 1813; was graduated at the United States Military Academy in 1835; resigned from the army in 1836; admitted to the bar in 1839; began practice in St. Louis. He was Judge of the Court of Common Pleas in 1843-1849; removed to Maryland in 1852; was United States Solicitor in the Court of Claims in 1855-1858. He acted as counsel for the plaintiff in the widely known Dred Scott case. In 1861-1864 he was Postmaster-General. In 1876-1877 he acted with the Democratic party in opposing Mr. Hayes' title to the office of President. He died in Silver Springs, Md., July 27, 1883.
Only in Collier's New Encyclopedia