Cocles
HORATIUS, a hero of ancient Rome, who alone, in 506 b. c., opposed the whole army of Porsenna at the head of a bridge, while his companions were destroying it behind him. This effected, though wounded, he leaped into the Tiber and swam safely across. COCOA. See CACAO.
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Cocoon
the silken sheath spun by the larvæ of many insects in passing into the pupa or resting stage. The cocoon proper is due to the secretion of special spinning glands, situated anteriorly or posteriorly, but larval hairs and foreign objects of many kinds may also be utilized. The most typical and perfect : cocoons are those of many moths, a familiar example being that of the silkworm.
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Cocos Island
Pacific Ocean, a small island southwest of Panama, known as the scene of Robert Louis Stevenson's famous story of "Treasure Island." It is also reputed to be the site of buried gold and other treasure stolen by pirates from the Spanish settlements on the neighboring coasts of S. America. Numerous searching parties have been organized for the purpose of discovering these treasures.
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Cocos Islands
Indian Ocean. (See KEELING ISLANDS, Vol. V.)
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Cocytus
named of lamentation loud, Heard on the rueful stream.--Milton. A blacke flood, which flowed about it round-- That is the river of Cocytus deepe In which full many soules do endlesse wayle and weepe.--Spenser. There stood the first and prayed him hard to waft their bodies o'er, With hands stretched out for utter love of that far-lying shore; But that grim sailor now takes these, now those, from out the band, While all the others far away he thrusteth from the sand. ... Those borne across the wave Are buried; none may ever cross the awful roaring road Until their bones are laid at rest within their last abode. An hundred years they stray about and wander round the shore, Then they at last have grace to gain the pools desired to sore.--Virgil.
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Cocytus
ko-si'tus, in classical mythology, a river of Hades. The name came from a Greek word meaning to weep, and the Cocytus was the "River of Lamentation." Those whose bodies had not received burial rites were doomed to wander a hundred years on the banks of this stream before the ferryman Charon could take them across. See Hades
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Cod-Liver Oil
an oil obtained from the liver of the common cod. There are three kinds known in commerce, viz., dark-brown, the last possessing a very disagreeable d smell. Cod-liver oil was first recomduced by diseases of the lungs about the year 1833.
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Coda
in music, an adjunct to the close of a composition, for the purpose of enforcing the final character of the movement.
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Coddington
WILLIAM, the founder of the colony of Rhode Island; born in England, in 1601, and arrived in Massachusetts in 1630. He remained in 1 Boston for several years, but disagreements with the authorities caused him to remove in 1638 to Aquidneck, or Rhode Island, where he founded a colony to be governed "by the laws of the Lord Jesus Christ." This scheme was soon abandoned, and in 1640 he himself was chosen governor. He was unable to secure the reception of Rhode Island into the colonial confederacy. In 1674 and 1675 he was again elected governor. He died in 1678.
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Codeia
CODEINA, or CODEINE (C18H21NO3 Or C17H18 (CH3 NO3, methyl morphine), an alkaloid obtained by digesting opium with warm water, precipitating the meconic acid with calcium chloride, and concentrating the filtrate; the hydrochlorates of morphine an codeine crystallize out first, and may be separated by treating their aqueous solution with ammonia, which precipitates the morphine; the liquid is then evaporated, and the codeine is precipitated by caustic potash and recrystallized from ether.
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Codicil
a supplement to a will, whereby anything omitted is added, or any change demanded by the altered circumstances of the testator or the beneficiaries, is affected. A codicil is authenticated in the same manner as a will, and possesses the same privileges when holograph, or written by the hand of the testator himself.
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Codilla
the coarsest part of hemp hemp and also of flax, sorted out and separated from the rest. CODLIN MOTH (Carpocapsa pomonella), a small moth which infests apple trees. In the Northern States it flies in May, laying its eggs in the calyx after the blossoms fall; in a few days days the larva hatches, in three weeks it becomes fully grown.
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Codliver Oil
. See Cod ; Oil ; Lofoden
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Codman
JOHN, an American seacaptain and miscellaneous writer; born in Dorchester, Mass., 1814. He was author of "Sailors' Life and Sailors' Yarns" (1847); "The Mormon Country" (1876); "Round Trip by Way of Panama, etc." (1879); "Winter Sketches from the Saddle" (1888); etc. He died in Boston, Mass., April 6, 1900.
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Cody
2026 Editor's Note: This page uses language about other peoples, religions, or nationalities that was commonplace when the book was published and is offensive by today's standards. The text has been left exactly as it was printed, rather than cut or softened, so that the historical record — including how ordinary such language once was — is preserved. (Ed: ET 2026-07-22) WILLIAM FREDERICK, a former United States Government scout; born in Scott co., Ia., Feb. 26, 1845; better known as "Buffalo Bill," a name earned while employed by the Kansas Pacific railway to furnish meat for its laborers, when he slaughtered 4,280 buffaloes in 18 months. He was an unerring shot, a fearless rider and had some thrilling adventures among the savages. In 1872 he was elected to the Nebraska Legislature, and in 1883 organized the "Wild West Show," with which he toured for 20 years. Author, "Life of Hon. W. F. Cody" (1879); "Story of the Wild West" (1888); "Adver ventures of Buffalo Bill" (1904); "True Tales of the Plains" (1908). Died in 1917.
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Coe College
a coeducational institution in Cedar Rapids, Ia.; organized in 1881, under the auspices of the Presbyterian Church; reported at the end of 1919: Professors and instructors, 61; students, 1,032; president, J. A. Marquis, D. D., LL. D.
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Coefficient
a number or known quantity, prefixed as a multiplier before a known or unknown quantity of letters, into which such quantity or letters are supposed to be multiplied. Thus in the expressions, 4a, 3ab, ex, 4 is the coefficient of a, 3 of ab, and c of x.
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