Cohoes
a city of Albany co., N. Y.; at the confluence of the Mohawk and Hudson rivers, and the junction of the Erie and the Champlain canals; and on the New York Central and the Delaware and Hudson railroads: 9 miles N. of Albany. The Mohawk river has a fall of over 70 feet at this point, and supplies unlimited power, making Cohoes a very important manufacturing community. The Mohawk river is crossed by a dam above the falls, and the water is supplied to the mills and factories by means of canals. The principal manufactures are cotton, woolen and worsted knit goods, foundry and machine shop products, boots and shoes, tobacco, paper boxes, and bread and bakery products. The city is connected with Albany, Troy, and other neighboring cities by electric street railways. The most noteworthy buildings are the public library, St. Bernard's Academy, and several of the numerous churches; there were 12 public schools. Pop. (1910) 24,709; (1920) 22,987.
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Cohort
a division of the Roman army, the 10th part of a legion, containing three maniples or six centuries. The number of men varied with that of the legion, the 10 cohorts always containing an equal number. When the legion numbered 4,000 men, the cohort consisted of 60 triarii, 120 principes, 120 hastati, and 100 velites, in all 400 men.
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Cohune Oil
a product of the kernel of Attalea funifěra, a palm-tree found in South America. It resembles cocoanut oil, but is more oleaginous, burning, it is said, twice as long.
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Coila
the Latin name of Kyle Kyle, Ayr co., Scotland, embalmed in the lyrics of 1 ANCIENT COINS 1. Coin of Dalmatius Burns. The word is also used as a fanciful designation for Scotland.
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Coimbra
capital of the Portuguese province of Beira, on a hill above the Mondego river, here crossed by a stone bridge, 135 miles N. N. E. of Lisbon. Its streets are steep and narrow, its manufactures confined chiefly to earthenware and combs. The place derives its name from the Roman Conimbrica, traces of which lie to the S.; it was held by the Goths, and from them passed to the Moors, from whom it was finally conquered in 1064, by Fernando the Great, aided by the gallant Cid. Coimbra was the capital of Portugal for about two centuries and a half from its erection into a kingdom, in 1139, and many of the early kings are buried in and around the old town. Of the public buildings, the most noteworthy are the older of the two cathedrals, the Church of San Salvador, and the ruined Convent of Santa Clara; across the river is the Quinta das Lagrimas ("House of Tears"), where Inez de Castro was murdered. The University of Coimbra, the only one in Portugal, was originally established at Lisbon in 1288, but was permanently transferred here in 1537.
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Coir
a material used for small cables, cordage, matting, etc., and consisting of the outer coating of the cocoanut. Cables made of this substance have the peculiarity of making a curve upward between the vessel and the anchor, while a hempen cable curves downward.
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Coix
a genus of grasses, tribe Phalereæ. C. lachryma has hard stony seeds, called Job's tears. They are said to be diuretic and strengthening. It is a native of the East Indies and Japan.
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Coke
the solid portion that remains after coal is subjected to intense heat. Coke is produced ordinarily in so-called coke ovens of the beehive type. One hundred bushels of coal are poured into the oven, which is then heated gradually to a temperature of 1400 deg. C. As soon as the heat reaches 100 deg. C. gas begins to escape; tarry products are given off up to 600 deg. C. First class coke rings with a metallic sound and has a silvery luster. It is of much importance in melting metals, as it burns with a pure flame without gas or smoke, and, being pure carbon, gives a most intense heat. In some sections of the country, where coke is in great demand for iron furnaces, the gas and tar products are sold cheaply as by-products, or allowed to go to waste. In the sections remote from the iron regions coal is heated for illuminating gas, and coke is a by-product. Where there is a demand it is sold chiefly as fuel. It is not so easily kindled as coal, but is an excellent fuel for heat. Coal is expected to yield about sixty-five per cent of its own weight in coke. The annual coke production of the United States is about 22,000,000 tons, over half of it in Pennsylvania; that of Great Britain is somewhat greater. See Charcoal ; Coal ; Gas
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Coke (SIR EDWARD an English lawyer)
SIR EDWARD, an English lawyer; born in 1551. After finishing his education at Cambridge he went to London, and entered the Inner Temple. He was chosen recorder of the cities of Norwich and of Coventry, knight of the shire for his county, and, in spite of the rivalship of Bacon, attorney-general. As such he conducted the prosecutions for the crown, notably those of Essex and Sir Walter Raleigh. In 1613 he became chief-justice of the Court of King's Bench; but his rough temper and staunch support of constitutional liberties brought him into disfavor with King James and his courtiers. In 1621 Coke was committed to the Tower, and soon after expelled from the privycouncil. In 1628 he was chosen member of Parliament for Buckinghamshire, and ηηπa BEEHIVE COKE OVEN greatly distinguished himself by his vindication of the rights of the Commons, and by proposing and framing the famous Petition of Rights. On the dissolution of the Parliament he retired to Buckinghamshire, where he died, in September, 1634. His principal works are: "Reports, from 1600 to 1615," "Institutes of the Laws of England," in four parts; the first of which contains the celebrated commentary on Littleton's Tenures ("Coke upon Littleton"); "A Treatise of Bail and Mainprise," "Complete Copyholder," etc.
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Coke, Edward
Edward (1552-1634), a noted English jurist. In the reigns of Elizabeth, James I, and Charles I, he was a lawyer of the crown. He conducted the prosecution against Sir Walter Raleigh, and was engaged in ferreting out the Gunpowder Plot . He was a rough sort of man, not without integrity. He fell into disrepute with the court of Charles for resisting the arbitrary acts of the king. His fame, however, rests on a large treatise in four parts on the law of England. Portions are still used as text books in the law schools of this country.
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