Calvo
CARLOS, an Argentine author and diplomat, born in Buenos Aires, in 1824. He was a profound student of economic and political problems 1860 he and stood high as a jurist. In 1860 he was made minister plenipotentiary to the courts of France and Great Britain, and in 1885 was appointed to a similar post in Berlin. He served with distinction and was the recipient of many honors from the nations to which he was CAMAGÜEY accredited. His studies and writings gave the name to the "Calvo Doctrine," which provided that the collection of pecuniary claims by citizens of one country against those of another should never be collected by force, a doctrine that has been practically acquiesced in by most of the governments of the world. Among his publications are "Historical Annals of the Revolution in Latin America" (1864); "Study on Emigration and Colonization" (1885); "International Law in Theory and Practice" (1872); and "Manual of Public and Private International Law" (1892). He died in Paris in 1906.
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Calydon
A city of Aetolia , where Oeneus , the father of Meleager , reigned. During the reign of Oeneus, Diana sent a wild boar to ravage the country on account of the neglect which had been shown of her divinity by the king. All the princes of the age assembled to hunt the Calydonian boar. Meleager killed the animal, and gave the head to Atalanta , of whom he was enamored.
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Calydonian Hunt
. See Meleager
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Calyptra
the hood of the theca or capsule of mosses. The same name is given to any hood-like body connected with the organs of fructification in flowering plants. CALYPTRÆA, a genus of gasteropods, furnished with a patelliform shell, cavity of which a smaller conical to one adheres, like a cup in a saucer. It is the typical genus of the family Calyptræide. The species are called cup-andsaucer limpets.
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Calyx
in botany, the name given to the exterior covering of a flower, that is, the floral envelope consisting of a circle or whorl of leaves external to the corolla, which it incloses and supports. The parts or leaves which belong to it are called sepals; they may be united by their margins, or distinct, and are usually of a green color and of less delicate texture than the corolla. In many flowers, however (especially monocotyledons), there is little or no difference in character between calyx and corolla, in which case the whole gets the name of perianth.
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Cam
or GRANTA, a sluggish_river of England, which, rising in Essex, flows 40 miles N. W. and N. E. through Cambridgeshire, and falls into the Ouse 3½ miles above Ely. It gives name to the town of Cambridge, where it is eight-oar to barely wide enough for an turn.
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Cama
in Indian mythology, the god of love and marriage. CAMAGÜEY, or PUERTO PRINCIPE, a province of Cuba which occupies the east-central part of the island. It has an area of 10,500 square miles. The surface is for the most part a plain with some hilly country in the northern part. The province is heavily wooded and lumbering is the chief occupation. There is also copper mining and cattle-raising. The capital is Pop. about 160,000. Camagüey, which is an old town with s, a hospital, and other numerous churches, ity is connected public buildings. The city by rail with its seaport, Nuevitas, and is a station on the Cuban Main Trunk railroad. It has important exports of cattle products. Pop. about 30,000. Pop. about
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Camargue
LA (kä-marg), the delta of the Rhône, in southern France, department of Bouches-du-Rhône. It is protected from the inundations of the river by dykes, and is mostly an unhealthy tract of pools and marshes, only portion of being cultivated.
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Camarilla
a oyed in the time of Ferdiword first employe nand VII., of Spain (1814-1833), and which now signifies throughout Europe the influence exercised on the State by the court party, the favorites and sycophants of a pope or monarch, in opposition to the advice of his legitimate ministers.
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Camass
a liliaceous plant of North America related to the scilla of European gardens. There are several species. The name is an Indian word applied to a species found in the moist meadows of the Rocky Mountain region and westward. It has long, thin leaves and a scape, terminating in an open raceme of blue flowers. The Indian squaws collect the bulbs in large quantities for food. Their chief rival is a pouched gopher called locally the camass-rat. 2026 Editor's Note: This page uses language about race that was commonplace when the book was published and is offensive by today's standards. The text has been left exactly as it was printed, rather than cut or softened, so that the historical record — including how ordinary such language once was — is preserved. (Ed: BR 2026-07-22)
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Cambay
a feudatory state in India, Bombay presidency, lying at the head of the gulf of the same name in the W. part of Gujarat. Area, 350 square miles; pop. about 80,000. Also, chief town of above state, situated at the head of the Cambay, formerly a flourishing Gulf of Ca port, but now decayed. Pop. about 30,- 000. The gulf separates the peninsula of Kathiawar from the N. coast of Bombay, having a length of about 80 miles, and an average breadth of 25 miles.
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Camberwell
a metropolitan borater London, on the S. side of ough of Greater the Thames, in the county of Surrey. . Pop (1918) 262,000. LONDON.
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Cambier
ERNEST, a Belgian explorer, born in Ath, in 1844. He served for some time in the Belgian army, and in 1877 had the position of geographer with the first expedition of the International African Association. He became the leader of the expedition, when the original commander, Crespel, died at Zanzibar in 1878. After enduring almost unexampled hardships, the expedition reached Unyamwezi and later attained Karema on Lake Tanganyika. He stayed there for four years, and the valuable researches that he carried on were after ward embodied in his report entitled "Rapports sur les Marches de la Première Expédition de l'Association Internationale Africaine." He died in 1909.
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