Cooke, Jay
Jay (1821-1905), an American financier. He was a native of Sandusky, Ohio. In 1858 he founded the banking house of Jay Cooke and Company, of Philadelphia. When the Civil War broke out, and Lincoln called for troops and money, Cooke went about among his friends and raised $2,000,000 for immediate use. He was to the Civil War what Robert Morris was to the Revolution. He was entrusted with placing the immense loans needed by the government, and succeeded in raising the amount of $2,000,000,000, a feat unequaled in the history of finance. His charges for the work were moderate. At the close of the war his firm undertook to furnish the means to build the Northern Pacific railroad. Jay Cooke was president of the road. His firm failed in the hard times of 1873, precipitating a panic. Cooke afterward made himself comfortable by wise investments in Western land, but he made no effort to reestablish himself as a leader in finance. His reputation is that of a genial, upright, patriotic man-one whom his neighbors liked to see prosper.
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Cooke, Rose Terry
Rose Terry (1827-1892), an American poet and novelist. She was born in Connecticut. Her first volume of poems was published in 1860. She was one of the contributors to the Atlantic Monthly in the early days of that magazine. Her stories treat of New England life. Happy Dodd, Steadfast, and Huckleberries, may be mentioned among her prose writings. The Two Villages is the best known of her many poems.
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Cooley
THOMAS MCINTYRE, an American jurist; born in Attica, N. Y., Jan. 6, 1824. He was Professor of Law in the University of Michigan (1859 and 1881); chief-justice of that State (1868- 1869); chairman of the United States Interstate Commerce Commission (1887- 1891). He wrote: "A Treatise Upon Wrongs and Their Remedies" (Vol. i., cook- 1878); " General Principles of Constitu- In tional Law in the United States " ( 1880); of etc. He died in Ann Arbor, Mich., Sept.
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Coolie
a name in Hindustan for a day laborer, also extended to those of some other E. countries. Many of these have been introduced into the West Indies, Mauritius, and other places, their passage being paid for them on their agreeing to serve for a term of years. The first coolie emigrants appear to have been those sent to British Guiana from Calcutta in 1839 to supply the want of labor felt after the abolition of slavery. The coolies employed in Guiana are still chiefly from India. Coolies have also been introduced into Jamaica, Trinidad, Natal, and large numbers into Mauritius. There are over 600,000 in the British colonies. The Chinese coolies have been principally sent to Cuba and Peru. The name is also given to Chinese immigrants to the United States.
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Cooper, Peter
Peter (1791-1883), an American inventor, manufacturer, capitalist, and philanthropist. He was a native of New York . He had a very meager common school education. His father was a hat-maker, and he himself learned the trade of coachmaking. Among his inventions were a cloth-shearing machine and various mechanical devices. He manufactured glue for many years. He constructed the first locomotive engine built in America. He took interest in the Erie canal , in the first Atlantic cable , and was the first to roll wrought iron beams for fireproof structures. In 1876 he received 100,000 votes as the presidential candidate of the Independent party. He will be remembered as the founder of Cooper Union , which see.
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Coorg
or KURG, an ancient principality, now a province in southern Hindustan, lying between Mysore on the E. and N. E. and the districts of South Canara and Malabar on the W.; area, 1,583 square miles. The country has a healthful climate, and yields coffee, spices, timber, etc. The capital is Merkara. Pop. (1901) 180,607.
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Copacabana
a small peninsula in the S. part of Lake Titicaca, Peru, which was a sacred place of the Incas and where many ruins of their temples and other buildings can still be seen. Thousands of pilgrims yearly visit the chapel there, which contains an alleged miraculous painting of the Virgin.
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Copaiba
the balsam or oleo-resin obtained from incisions made in the trunk of copaifera multijuga and other species of copaifera. Copaiba is about the consistence of olive-c olive-oil, light in color and transparent, with a peculiar odor, and an acrid, aromatic taste; it is perfectly soluble in an equal volume of benzene; it does not become gelatinous when heated to 270° Fahr., and is not fluorescent. It contains a resin, copaivic acid, and an essential oil, copaiba oil. It dissolves one-fourth of its weight of magnesia carbonate when heated, and remains transparent; it is said that a small quantity of water contained in the balsam first combines with the magnesia, forming a hydrate which is soluble in the resin. Copaiba acts as a stimulant on the mucous membranes, especially on the genito-urinary organs.
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Copan
an Indian village in the S. W. corner of the Central American State of Honduras; in a mountainous region; the site of a city still populous at the time of the conquest, and of which magnificent ruins still remain; first described by Stephens.
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Cope-ring
A cast-iron ring for the purpose of carrying the cope of a loam-mould. The inside diameter is made large enough to clear a tapered seating formed below, or past the mould at the bottom, the impression of which is carried in the brick cope built upon the ring. See SEATING; GUIDE; LOAM-MOULDING.
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Copeck
a Russian copper coin, so called from the impression of St. George bearing a lance, the hundredth part of a silver ruble, or about the eightieth part of a paper ruble.
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Copeland
DR. ROYAL S., United States Senator from New York, was born at Dexter, Michigan, Novembe November 7, 1868. He was educated at the High School, the Michigan State Normal College, and the University of Michigan, receiving from the latter a degree in medicine. From 1895 to 1908, he was professor there of eye and ear diseases, and from 1908 to 1918, was dean of the Flower Homeopathic Medical College, New York. During his residence at Ann Arbor, Michigan, he was elected mayor for two terms, 1901 to 1903. In 1918 he was made Commissioner of Public Health of New York City, and in 1922 received the Democratic nomination for U. S. Senator, being elected by a plurality of 260,000 votes for the term 1923-29. COUÉISM. (See AUTOSUGGESTION).
CHARLES TOWNSEND, an American author and educator, born in Calais, Me., in 1860. He graduated from Harvard University in 1882. From 1893 to 1910 he was lecturer on English literature at Harvard, assistant professor from 1910 to 1917, and associate professor from 1917. He was Harvard University lecturer in the Lowell Institute on the university extension courses in English literature. He was the author of "Life of Edwin Booth" (1901), and edited "Letters of Thomas Carlyle to His Youngest Sister"; "Tennyson's The Princess"; and the works of other English poets.
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