Cambridgeshire
England in the inland division. It has about 860 square miles, of which the greater part is meadow and an area of pasture land. The chief rivers are the Ous Ouse, Cam, the Nene, and the Lark. The county-town is Cambridge. Pop. about 200,000.
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Camden
CHARLES PRATT, MAR- QUIS, an English statesman, youngest son of Sir John Pratt, Chief-Justice of the Court of King's Bench; born in 1714. After having studied for the law, he was called to the bar in 1738. After nearly 20 years devoted to close study and but little employment, he was appointed attorney-general, and later lord chief-justice. In 1765 he was raised to the peerpeeed age as Baron Camden. He distinguished himself at once by his exertions in behalf of the American colonies, and in 1766 rose to the highest legal dignity, that of lord high chancellor. He died in London, April 18, 1794.
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Camden (City port of entry and county)
city, port of entry, and county - seat of Camden co., N. J .; on the Delaware river, opposite Philadelphia, with which it is connected by several ferries. The city is situated on a level plain and the streets cross one another am at right angles. It is noted for its immense market gardens and manuf tures, and is the site of tem. There are 200 miles of paved streets and 115 miles of water mains. The educational facilities comprise 38 public schools with an enrollment of over 20,000 pupils besides a public and private high school. There are 9 banks with a combined capital of over $3,000,- 000. The principal industries are shipbuilding, worsted goods, oil cloth, boots and shoes, textiles, talking machines, foundry products, pens, and soups. The total assessed realty valuation in 1919 was $74,449,310. The net funded debt was $4,836,155. The budget was $1,- 874,286. History. The city was chartered in 1828, and became an important commercial and business center with the incorporation of the Camden and Amboy railroad in 1833. Pop. (1910) 94,538; (1920) 116,309.
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Camden (Town and county-seat)
a town and county-seat of Kershaw co., S. C.; on the Seaboard Air Line, the Southern, and the Atlantic Coast Line systems; 32 miles N. E. of Columbia. It has extensive cotton and grain interests and is a health resort for sufferers from throat and lung troubles. Camden was the site of three battles. On Aug. 16, 1780, noted American forces under General Gates, 3,600 strong, chiefly militia, were totally defeated by Lord Cornwallis. In this action Baron De Kalb, commanding the right wing, was mortally wounded. Congress erected a marble monument in his honor on the street which bears his name; La Fayette laid the corner stone in 1825. On April 25, 1781, Greene, who had succeeded Gates, was attacked and worsted by Lord Rawdon at Hobkirk's Hill, near Camden. On Feb. 24, 1865, Camden was taken by General Sherman, after a lively skirmish.
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Camel's Hump
one of the peaks of the Green Mountains, in Vermont, 17 miles W. of Montpelier.
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Camel's-hair Brush
An excellent tool for giving the final touches to finished dry-sand and loam work, as also for use on green-sand surfaces with dry lead. For these purposes they should be double thickness and brass-bound. They are sold by the width at from thirty-five to forty cents per inch. See BRUSHES.
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Camellia
a genus of plants, order Ternströmiaceae (theads). It is very near akin to thea, which contains the tea plant; indeed, some botanists combine the two genera into one. The native countries of the camellias are the E. side of the Himalaya mountains, Cochin-China, China, Japan and the Eastern Islands.
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Camelopard
a name given to the giraffe (Camelopardalis giraffa), originally from the notion that it was a kind . of hybrid between a camel and leopard It constitutes the only species of its Camelopardalidæ or genus and family ( Devexa).
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Camelopardalis
one of the N. circumpolar constellations added by Hevelius in 1690. It is a large, irregularly shaped constellation, something like the animal, and is more than 40° in length, with its head close to the North Pole. It contains no stars brighter than the fourth magnitude. Camelopardalis , Ursa borders upon Ursa Minor, Draco Major, Lynx, Auriga, Perseus, Cassiopeia, and Cepheus.
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Camelot
a city of shadowy palaces And stately, rich in emblem and the work Of ancient kings who did their days in stone; Which Merlin's hand, the Mage at Arthur's court, Knowing all arts, had touch'd, and everywhere At Arthur's ordinance, tipt with lessening peak And pinnacle, and had made it spire to heaven. See Arthur
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Camelot
a name applied in the mediæval romances to the splendid "City of Legions" which grew up out of the permanent quarters of the Second Augusta Legion at Caerleonupon-Usk, but was built earlier by the mythical Belinus. The name is familiar to readers of Tennyson.
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Camera
PHOTOGRAPHIC, a camera obscura, so constructed that sensitized plates or films may be placed at the back and receive the image. There are many styles of camera in use, those of the tripod variety being used for portraits and landscapes, where a long exposure is required, and the hand camera used by tourists on account of its convenient shape and size. See Pnotoc- RAPHY.
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Camera Lucida
a prism of glass held in a frame. Its faces are cut at such an angle that an object lying at one side, when viewed through the prism, seems to lie on a sheet of paper directly underneath. The instrument is much used in drawing natural objects. A pencil may be made to follow the apparent outline on the paper with ease. The pencil of light enters the prism horizontally, is totally refracted twice, and enters the eye, passing directly upward at right angles to the original direction.
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Camera Obscura
an optical instrument used to view or sketch objects at a short distance. It consists of a rectangular box, formed of two parts sliding in each other, like the joints of a telescope, so as to adjust the focus to bodies more or less distant. A tube with a lens is fixed in one side of it, and is turned to the object to be represented. The rays entering fall on a mirror sloped at an angle of 45°, which reflect them upward to the observer's eye. It is con venient that they may be made to pass through a horizontal plate of glass, on which tracing paper may be placed so as to enable one to draw the figure if he be so disposed, but now this is generally done by photography. A lid to the box is of use in ridding the observer of superfluous light. It is supposed to have been invented by Baptista Porta in the 16th century, although it is said that Roger Bacon wrote a description of it 300 years before.
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