Constable, Archibald
kun'sta-bl, Archibald, (1774-1827), a Scottish publisher. Constable was the original publisher of the Edinburgh Review and of Sir Walter Scott's poems and novels. A warm friendship between publisher and author led to Scott's admission to the firm of Constable and Company which failed for $1,250,000 in 1826. Constable died of a broken heart, and Scott wore out his life in an attempt, largely successful, to pay off the firm's indebtedness. Several of Scott's later novels were written to pay off this debt. See Blackie; Clark
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Constance, Lake
Lake, a fine body of water on the borders of Switzerland, Germany, and Austria. Length, 40 miles; width, 9 miles; greatest depth, 912 feet; altitude, 1,385 feet. The Rhine flows through the lake from southeast to northwest. The waters of the lake are of a beautiful pale green hue, and are well stocked with fish. The waters are subject to a sudden rise due to some underground cause. In 1770 a rise of twenty feet inside of an hour is on record. Commodious steamers ply on the lake. As the lake is neutral, passengers crossing it from one country to another are liable to have to go through the formality of having their baggage examined. Of the numerous towns on its shores, the old town of Constance, situated at its outlet, is most noted.
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Constantia
A granddaughter of the great Constantine, who married the Emperor Gratian. Constantinopolis (Constantinople). Built on the site of the ancient Byzantium, by Constantine the Great, who called it after his own name, and made it the capital of the Roman empire.
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Constantine
surnamed the Great. Emperor of Rome from 306-337 A. D. Under his rule the warring and seditious elements of the Roman Empire were subdued. His reign is noted for two events of importance,--the adoption of Christianity as the regular religion of the empire, and the removal of the capital to Constantinople. In 313 he issued the Edict of Milan. "We grant likewise to the Christians and to all other, free choice to follow the mode of worship they may wish, that whatsoever divinity and celestial power may exist may be propitious to all that live under our government." This edict put an end to the terrible persecutions of the Christians, and marked the beginning of atrocious persecutions by them; showing that human nature cannot be changed by an edict. In 328 Constantine ordered the old city of Byzantium rebuilt. He named the city for himself, Constantinople, and removed the seat of his government thither. The arch of Constantine, erected in that emperor's honor in Rome 315, is one of the best preserved of Roman antiquities.
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Constantine (Ancient Cirta a fortified city)
the ancient Cirta, a fortified city and bishopric, in Algeria; capital of the department ent of Constantine (of which the other chief towns are Philippeville and Bona on the coast , Setif and El Wad in the interior); on a detached rocky height, surrounded on three sides by ravines, crossed in one place by a Roman bridge , elsewhere by four natural bridges. At the bottom of the ravines flows the Wad Rummel. The city has Roman remains , and a citadel on the site of the ancient Numidian fortress, rising 300 feet above the level of the rock. It manufactures saddlery and leather goods, and exports corn to Tunis. It was taken by the French, Oct. 13, 1837, after two memorable sieges.
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Constantine (NIKOLAEVITCH the second son)
NIKOLAEVITCH, the second son of the Emperor Nicholas of Russia, and brother of the Emperor Alexander II., grand-duke and great ad- Petersburg, miral of Russia; born in St. Sept. 21, 1827. In the war of 1854-1856, Baltic intrusthe had the defenses of the decirded to his miral Lütke; but the policy of the emperor hardly allowed the prince any dis- He was made play of courage or ability. 1862. He died in Viceroy of Poland in St. Petersburg, Jan. 24, 1892.
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Constantinus
Surnamed the Great, from the greatness of his exploits, was son of Constantius. It is said that as he was going to fight against Maxentius, one of his rivals, he saw a cross in the sky with the inscription In hoc vince. From this he became a convert to Christianity, ever after adopting a cross for his standard. He founded a city where old Byzantium formerly stood, and called it Constantinopolis. There he kept his court, and made it the rival of Rome in population and magnificence. He died A. D. 337, after a reign of thirty-one years of the greatest glory. 2026 Editor's Note: The page attributes Constantine 's conversion directly to a vision of the cross, but Constantine's conversion was gradual, beginning around 312 when he favored Christianity, and he was finally baptized by Eusebius of Nicomedia, an Arian bishop. This spans decades rather than occurring as an immediate transformation. Modern scholars debate his beliefs and even his comprehension of Christianity despite his influential role in the Edict of Milan, which legalized Christianity in the Roman Empire. (Ed: BR 2026-07-18)
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Constantius
CHLORUS, nephew of the emperor Claudius II., became Cæsar in 292 A. D., received Britain, Gaul, and Spain as his government, and after reestablishing Roman power in Britain and defeating the Alemanni, became one of the two Augustuses in 305, but died in York in 306. Constantine the Great was his son. - (2) Constantius, third son of Constantine, was Roman emperor, 337- 361 A. D. He fought with the Persians; and after the death in 350 of his brother Constans (who in 340 had defeated their elder brother Constantine), became sole emperor till his death in 361.
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Constantius Chlorus
Son of Eutropius , and father of the great Constantine. He obtained victories in Britain and Germany. He became the colleague of Galerius on the abdication of Diocletian, and died A. D. 306, bearing the reputation of being brave, humane, and benevolent. 2026 Editor's Note: After Constantius died at York in 306, the army immediately acclaimed his son Constantine as emperor, an act that likely reflected Constantius's own wishes. This triggered the slow collapse of the Tetrarchy and plunged the empire into civil wars that lasted until Constantine finally united it under his sole rule in 324. (Ed: BR 2026-07-19)
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