Cooke (JAY an American financier born)
JAY, an American financier; born in Sandusky, O., Aug. 10, 1821. He entered mercantile life at 15. Having learned banking he founded in 1858 the house of Jay Cooke & Co., which financed the Civil War Bond issues of the United States to the extent of $2,000,- 000,000. The house failed in 1873, causing widespread financial panic. In 1894 he re-established his fortune, investing in Western land and securities. He died Feb. 16, 1905.
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Cooke, Jay
Jay (1821-1905), an American financier. He was a native of Sandusky, Ohio. In 1858 he founded the banking house of Jay Cooke and Company, of Philadelphia. When the Civil War broke out, and Lincoln called for troops and money, Cooke went about among his friends and raised $2,000,000 for immediate use. He was to the Civil War what Robert Morris was to the Revolution. He was entrusted with placing the immense loans needed by the government, and succeeded in raising the amount of $2,000,000,000, a feat unequaled in the history of finance. His charges for the work were moderate. At the close of the war his firm undertook to furnish the means to build the Northern Pacific railroad. Jay Cooke was president of the road. His firm failed in the hard times of 1873, precipitating a panic. Cooke afterward made himself comfortable by wise investments in Western land, but he made no effort to reestablish himself as a leader in finance. His reputation is that of a genial, upright, patriotic man-one whom his neighbors liked to see prosper.
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Cooke, Rose Terry
Rose Terry (1827-1892), an American poet and novelist. She was born in Connecticut. Her first volume of poems was published in 1860. She was one of the contributors to the Atlantic Monthly in the early days of that magazine. Her stories treat of New England life. Happy Dodd, Steadfast, and Huckleberries, may be mentioned among her prose writings. The Two Villages is the best known of her many poems.
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Cooley
THOMAS MCINTYRE, an American jurist; born in Attica, N. Y., Jan. 6, 1824. He was Professor of Law in the University of Michigan (1859 and 1881); chief-justice of that State (1868- 1869); chairman of the United States Interstate Commerce Commission (1887- 1891). He wrote: "A Treatise Upon Wrongs and Their Remedies" (Vol. i., cook- 1878); " General Principles of Constitu- In tional Law in the United States " ( 1880); of etc. He died in Ann Arbor, Mich., Sept.
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Coolidge
Susan, a pseudonym of Miss Sarah Chauncey Woolsey. See Woolsey ; Sarah Chauncey
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Coolidge
ARCHIBALD CARY, an American educator, born in Boston in 1866. He graduated from Harvard University in 1887 and studied in Berlin and in Paris. He acted as private secretary to his uncle, T. J. Coolidge, for several years, and in 1893 was secretary of the American Legation at Vienna. He was appointed instructor of history in Harvard University in 1893, becoming assistant professor in 1899 and proi fessor in 1908. From 1911 he was director of the University Library. He was Harvard lecturer at the Sorbonne and other French universities in 1906 and 1907, and acted as delegate to the Pan - American Scientific Congress at Santiago, Chile, in 1908-1909. In 1913- 191 1914 he was Harvard exchange professor at the University of Berlin. During the World War he acted as special agent of the State Department in Sweden and northern Russia, and was chief of the mission in Vienna. In 1919 he was attached to the Peace Conference as adviser and was a member of several scientific societies. He wrote "The United States as a World Power" (1908); and "Origins of the Triple Alliance" (1917).
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Coolidge (II)
T(HOMAS), JEFFER- SON, an American diplomat, born in Boston in 1831. He graduated from Harvard University in 1850 and began business in the firm of Gardiner & Coolidge, East India merchants. He also took an active part in the development of railways in the West. He was president of the Atchison, Topeka, and Santa Fe, and other railroads. In 1892-1893 he was United States Minister to France, and in 1898-1899 he was a member of the Joint High Commission to adjust disputes between England and the United States. He gave the Jefferson Physical Research Laboratory to Harvard University.
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Coolie
a name in Hindustan for a day laborer, also extended to those of some other E. countries. Many of these have been introduced into the West Indies, Mauritius, and other places, their passage being paid for them on their agreeing to serve for a term of years. The first coolie emigrants appear to have been those sent to British Guiana from Calcutta in 1839 to supply the want of labor felt after the abolition of slavery. The coolies employed in Guiana are still chiefly from India. Coolies have also been introduced into Jamaica, Trinidad, Natal, and large numbers into Mauritius. There are over 600,000 in the British colonies. The Chinese coolies have been principally sent to Cuba and Peru. The name is also given to Chinese immigrants to the United States.
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Cooper
JAMES FENIMORE, an American novelist; born in Burlington, N. J., Sept. Sept. 15, 1789; studied at Yale College, and entered the American navy as a midshipman at the age of 16. In 1821 appeared the novel of "Precaution," but it was not till the production of the "Spy" and the "Pioneers" that he began to take a high place among contemporary novelists. The "Pilot," "Waterwitch," "Pathfinder," "Deerslayer," "Last of the Mohicans," and "Red Rover" are familiar names to the novel-reading public. After visiting Europe and serv- JAMES FENIMORE COOPER ing as consul of the United States at Lyons for three years, he returned to Cooperstown, N. Y., where he died, Sept. 14, 1851. Besides his novels he wrote a central, or national, purchasing agenhistory of the United States navy, and some volumes descriptive of his travels.
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Cooper (PETER an American inventor)
PETER, an American inventor, manufacturer, and philanthropist; born in New Yo York, Feb. 12, 1791. A coachmaker by trade, he became a successful inventor and glue manufacturer, and acquired a large fortune. He built, after his own designs, the first locomotive engine constructed on this continent (1830); was one of the original promoters of the electric telegraph, actively interested in the construction of the New York State canals, etc. He was the candidate of the "Greenback" party for President in 1876. He is best known by the institution that was dearest to his own heart, the "Cooper Union" of New York, founded for the instruction of the industrial classes (1854-1859). He wrote: "Political and Financial Opinions, with an Autobiography" (1877); "Ideas for a Science of Good Government" (1883). He died in New York City, April 4, 1883.
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