Cornwall
the most southwesterly district of England. The county is a narrow point of land with a total area of 1,357 miles. The southwest extremity is known as " Land's End ." Cornwall shares with other parts of England a reputation for cattle and sheep raising, and for market gardening. It is noted for ancient mines of copper and tin, some of which have been worked to a depth of 2,000 feet, extending far out beneath the sea. The miners at work in their galleries can hear the surf beating above their heads. Pumps are required to keep the mines from becoming flooded. These mines have been worked from time immemorial. They are diminishing in importance. The inhabitants, called Cornishmen, are descendants of the ancient Celts. They are akin to the Welsh, and to the inhabitants of Britany. Until of late the Cornish dialect was the language of the people; but, through the influence of public schools, it has been replaced by English. Many have migrated to the mining districts of the United States . See Celt
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Cornwall
a port of Ontario, Canada; at the mouth of the Cornwall canal, and on the St. Lawrence river, 67 miles S. W. of Montreal. Among numerous other factories it contains the principal woolen mill of the Dominion. The Cornwall canal gives the town exceptional water facilities. There are Episcopal, Presbyterian, Roman Catholic, and Methodist churches. Pop. about 7,000.
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Cornwall
BARRY. See PROCTER.
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Cornwallis
CHARLES, MAR- QUIS, an English military commander; born in Brome, Suffolk, Dec. 31, 1738, He acted a conspicuous part in the American war. After gaining the battles of Camden and Guilford, he determined in invade Virginia, but, being surrounded by the American and French forces, LORD CORNWALLIS he and his army were made prisoners at Yorktown. In 1786 he was made Governor-General of India. The government of Bengal found it necessary to uphold the Rajah of Travancore against the Sultan of Mysore, and the first campaign being unsuccessful, in 1791 Cornwallis invaded the Mysore, besieged Seringapatam, and compelled Tippoo Saib to submit on humiliating terms. Having performed this important service, Lord Cornwallis returned to England, was raised to the rank of marquis, and made Master-General of Ordnance. In 1798 he was sent to Ireland as Lord-Lieutenant; and in the trying and terrible scenes of the rebellion so conducted himself as to gain the good opinion of the public, while vigorously upholding and vindicating the laws. In 1801 he was sent on a mission to France, where, in 1802, he signed the peace of Amiens.' In 1805, he was a second time appointed Governor-General India; but soon after his arrival in India, he died in Ghazepore, Oct. 5, 1805
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Cornwallis, Charles
Charles (1738-1805), a British general. His father was an English nobleman, to whose estates he succeeded in 1762, with the title of earl. Cornwallis deserves to be held in greater respect than is accorded him by the average American. He was well educated, and served his country honorably. In Parliament he was a friend of America, and opposed the policy that led to war. So outspoken was he that when it became necessary to send his regiment to America, the king offered to give him leave of absence; that is, to excuse him from service; but Cornwallis preferred to lead his own soldiers. He served under Howe and Clinton in the vicinity of New York . All must admit that his campaigns in the Carolinas against Gates and Green were vigorous. His taking a position at Yorktown, and subsequent surrender, were due far more to conflicting orders from Clinton and lack of support than to any want of vigor or skill on his own part. After the close of the American war, Cornwallis served his king in India and sat in the privy council . He was buried in St. Paul's Cathedral, where his memorial tablet may be seen in company with those of Admirals Rodney, Howe, and Nelson, and Generals Abercrombie, Sir John Moore, and others who are deemed to have served their country well. See Yorktown
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Corolla
the inner whorl of two series of floral envelopes, occurring in the more highly developed plants. It is situated within the outer of these envelopes called the calyx, and exteriorly to the stamens and pistils. In all cases its divisions, which are called petals, alternate with those of the calyx. They are generally colored-i. e., in botanical language, they are some other color than green. The corolla is, as a rule, larger than the calyx, but in some plants this is not the case. When the petals of a corolla are all distinct, they are said to be polypetalous, which is the normal type of a corolla. When they cohere continuously by their margins they are generally called monopetalous (one-petaled), which is a not quite accurate term; a better one is gamopetalous, meaning that the petals have in a certain sense contracted what may be poetically called a marriage union. The petals of a corolla are really only modifications of leaves. The corolla is not essential to the reproduction of a plant. It shades the productive organs inside it from injury, and, in some cases, by secreting honey attracts bees and other insects to aid in their fertilization.
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Corollary
a proposition the truth of which appears so clearly from the proof of another proposition as not to require separate demonstration.
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Coromandel Coast
the E. coast the Indian peninsula, Madras presiof esidency, or that portion of it between Palk's strait and the Pennar river. It is open, sandy, and has no secure harbors, and the surf renders landing difficult.
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Coromandel Wood
the wood of diospyros hirsuta, a tree found in Ceylon. Its ground color is chocolate brown, with black stripes and marks; it is hard, turns well, and makes very handsome furniture.
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Corona
in astronomy, a halo or luminous circle round one of the heavenly bodies; specifically the portion of the aureola observed during total eclipses of the sun, which lies outside the chromosphere or region of colored prominences. In botany, the corona is an appendage of the corolla in some flowers, coming as it were between the corolla and the stamens, well seen in the cup lower member of the projecting part of of the daffodil. In architecture, it is the a cornice. See HALO. CORONA AUSTRALIS (the southern crown), one of Ptolemy's southern constellations, containing 12 stars. CORONA BOREALIS (the northern crown), one of Ptolemy's northern constellations, containing 21 stars.
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